The Lancet Psychiatry
October 1, 2016
Tabea Schoeler, Natalia Petros, Marta Di Forti et al.
BACKGROUND Although cannabis use after a first episode of psychosis has been associated with relapse, little is known about the determinants of this most preventable risk factor for relapse of psychosis. Here we aimed to study whether the effects on outcome vary depending on the type of cannabis consumed and usage pattern. METHODS In this observational study, we prospectively recruited and...
JAMA Psychiatry
September 28, 2016
Tabea Schoeler, Natalia Petros, Marta Di Forti et al.
106 citations
IMPORTANCE: Cannabis use after first-episode psychosis is associated with poor outcomes, but the causal nature of this association is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To examine the precise nature of the association between continued cannabis use after the onset of psychosis and risk of relapse of psychosis. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This prospective cohort study followed up for at least 2 years...
World Psychiatry
September 22, 2016
Robin Murray, Harriet Quigley, Diego Quattrone et al.
319 citations
Epidemiological evidence demonstrates that cannabis use is associated with an increased risk of psychotic outcomes, and confirms a dose-response relationship between the level of use and the risk of later psychosis. High-potency cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids carry the greatest risk. Experimental administration of tetrahydrocannabinol, the active ingredient of cannabis, induces transient...
Psychopharmacology
September 2, 2016
Will Lawn, Tom P. Freeman, Rebecca Pope et al.
177 citations
RATIONALE: Anecdotally, both acute and chronic cannabis use have been associated with apathy, amotivation, and other reward processing deficits. To date, empirical support for these effects is limited, and no previous studies have assessed both acute effects of Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), as well as associations with cannabis dependence. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of...
Pharmacological Research
September 2016
Erica Zamberletti, Marina Gabaglio, Massimo Grilli et al.
Cannabis use has been frequently associated with sex-dependent effects on brain and behavior. We previously demonstrated that adult female rats exposed to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) during adolescence develop long-term alterations in cognitive performances and emotional reactivity, whereas preliminary evidence suggests the presence of a different phenotype in male rats. To thoroughly...
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
August 1, 2016
Lance R Mcmahon
Cannabidiol, a therapeutic with potential serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) 5-HT1A receptor agonist activity, is the second most prevalent cannabinoid in Cannabis after Δ(9)-THC. The extent to which cannabidiol modifies the effects of Δ(9)-THC has not been firmly established, especially with respect to abuse-related effects in rhesus monkeys where previously antagonistic interactions have...
American Journal of Psychiatry
August 1, 2016
Edison Manrique-Garcia, Antonio Ponce de Leon, Christina Dalman et al.
The authors assessed 1) the overall risk of death among cannabis users compared with nonusers and the extent to which psychosis affects excess mortality; 2) mortality among persons with psychotic disorders and the extent to which cannabis use affects excess mortality; and 3) the interaction effect of cannabis use and diagnosis of psychotic disorders on mortality. This was a longitudinal study...
Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences
July 19, 2016
Shikha Prashad, Francesca Mapua Filbey
49 citations
Cannabis use affects cortico-striatal networks that are essential for producing movement. In this review, we summarize the literature on motor system dysfunction in cannabis users and provide a rationale for why motor learning should be considered an important area in cannabis research. A majority of studies have addressed cognitive impairments in cannabis users and some have focused on driving...
Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment
July 4, 2016
Fares Alharbi, Nady el‐Guebaly
9 citations
Background: The recent escalation of cannabis and amphetamine-type stimulant use throughout the world and its association with psychotic symptoms in users has fuelled special concerns. Objective: This review will focus on cannabis and amphetamine-type stimulant because of their high prevalence and will try to differentiate and compare their associated psychotic features. Method: A systematic...
Neuropsychopharmacology
July 2016
Margaret Haney, Robert J Malcolm, Shanna Babalonis et al.
Cannabidiol (CBD), a constituent of cannabis with few psychoactive effects, has been reported in some studies to attenuate certain aspects of Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) intoxication. However, most studies have tested only one dose of CBD in combination with one dose of oral THC, making it difficult to assess the nature of this interaction. Further, the effect of oral CBD on smoked cannabis...