Toxicology Letters
November 17, 2015
Julia Dinger, Campbell Woods, Simon D. Brandt et al.
New psychoactive substances (NPS) are not tested for their cytochrome P450 (CYP) inhibition potential before consumption. Therefore, this potential was explored for tryptamine-derived NPS (TDNPS) including alpha-methyl tryptamines (AMTs), dimethyl tryptamines (DMTs), diallyl tryptamines (DALTs), and diisopropyl tryptamines (DiPTs) using test substrates preferred by the Food and Drug...
Clinical Toxicology
November 1, 2015
Matilda Bäckberg, Olof Beck, Anders Helander
3-Methoxy-phencyclidine (3-MeO-PCP) and 4-methoxy-phencyclidine (4-MeO-PCP) are analogs of and drug substitutes for the dissociative substance PCP ("Angel dust"), a recreational drug that was most popular in the 1970s. In Sweden, use of methoxylated PCP analogs was noted starting in mid-2013, according to statistics from the Poisons Information Centre. The objective of this case series was to...
PLoS One
September 30, 2015
Eduardo Ekman Schenberg, João Felipe Morel Alexandre, Renato Filev et al.
115 citations
Ritual use of ayahuasca, an amazonian Amerindian medicine turned sacrament in syncretic religions in Brazil, is rapidly growing around the world. Because of this internationalization, a comprehensive understanding of the pharmacological mechanisms of action of the brew and the neural correlates of the modified states of consciousness it induces is important. Employing a combination of...
River teeth
September 1, 2015
Nathan Thornburgh
The Root of All Things Nathan Thornburgh (bio) Halfway through our hour-long Skype call, Carlos Tanner warns me that he is going to “cross over.” He means that our conversation is about to leap from things that make sense in this world—how his new baby is sleeping, how many students are enrolling in his school—into things that only make sense if you are very deep in the world of ayahuasca, a...
Archives of Toxicology
August 1, 2015
Ana Margarida Araújo, Félix Carvalho, Maria de Lourdes Bastos et al.
290 citations
In the area of psychotropic drugs, tryptamines are known to be a broad class of classical or serotonergic hallucinogens. These drugs are capable of producing profound changes in sensory perception, mood and thought in humans and act primarily as agonists of the 5-HT2A receptor. Well-known tryptamines such as psilocybin contained in Aztec sacred mushrooms and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT),...
Frontiers in Immunology
July 14, 2015
Attila Szabo
153 citations
Classical psychedelics are psychoactive substances, which, besides their psychopharmacological activity, have also been shown to exert significant modulatory effects on immune responses by altering signaling pathways involved in inflammation, cellular proliferation, and cell survival via activating NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinases. Recently, several neurotransmitter receptors...
Behavioural Processes
June 6, 2015
Aline Pic‐taylor, Luciana Gueiros Da Motta, Juliana Alves de Morais et al.
99 citations
Ayahuasca, a psychoactive beverage used by indigenous and religious groups, is generally prepared by the coction of Psychotria viridis and Banisteriopsis caapi plants containing N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and β-carboline alkaloids, respectively. To investigate the acute toxicity of ayahuasca, the infusion was administered by gavage to female Wistar rats at doses of 30X and 50X the dose taken...
Clinical Toxicology
May 8, 2015
Anders Helander, O. Beck, Matilda Bäckberg
BACKGROUND: Diphenidine (1-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperidine) and its 2-methoxylated derivative methoxphenidine (MXP, 2-MeO-diphenidine) are substances with dissociative effects that were recently introduced for "recreational" purpose through the online-based sale of new psychoactive substances (NPS). A number of analytically confirmed non-fatal intoxications associated with diphenidine or MXP have...
Natural Product Communications
April 1, 2015
Leandro A. Moreira, Maria M. Murta, Claudia C. Gatto et al.
3 citations
Bufotenine (1, 5-hydroxy- N,N-dimethyltryptamine) was isolated from seeds of Anadenanthera spp., a tree widespread in the Brazilian cerrado, using an efficient acid-base shakeout protocol. The conversion of bufotenine into N,N-dimethyltryptamine (4) and 5-methoxy- N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5) was accomplished through an innovative and short approach featuring the use of novel...
The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology
March 29, 2015
Joan Francesc Alonso, Sergio Romero, Miguel Ángel Mañanas et al.
105 citations
BACKGROUND: Psychedelics induce intense modifications in the sensorium, the sense of "self," and the experience of reality. Despite advances in our understanding of the molecular and cellular level mechanisms of these drugs, knowledge of their actions on global brain dynamics is still incomplete. Recent imaging studies have found changes in functional coupling between frontal and parietal brain...