Mindfulness-Based Smoking Cessation Delivered Through Telehealth and Text Messaging for Low-Income Smokers: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Claire Adams Spears, Josephine Mhende, China Hawkins, Van Vuong, Matthew J. Hayat, Michael Paul Eriksen, Donald Hedeker, Lorien C. Abroms, David W. Wetter
JMIR Research Protocols August 1, 2022 DOI: 10.2196/35688 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Randomized controlled trial protocol Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Population | Low-income, racially and ethnically diverse adults who smoke |
| Interventions | iQuit Mindfully text messages mindfulness videoconference groups |
| Duration | Treatment start with assessments at 8, 12, and 24 weeks; data collection expected through spring 2024 |
| Topics | Meditation |
| Citations | 6 |
| Registration | NCT04965181 |
| Key findings | The authors propose testing whether mindfulness-based smoking cessation treatment delivered via text messaging (iQuit Mindfully) and telehealth group videoconferencing, alone or combined, improves biochemically verified smoking abstinence at 8, 12, and 24 weeks among low-income and racially and ethnically diverse adults who smoke, and aims to examine mechanisms of mindfulness treatment. |
Abstract
Background: Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality. Adults with low income and members of certain racial and ethnic minority groups are less likely to quit, and therefore, they experience profound tobacco-related health disparities. Mindfulness training can increase the rates of smoking cessation and lapse recovery, and telehealth and SMS text messaging have the potential to provide more accessible treatment.
Objective: This study aims to test the efficacy of delivering mindfulness-based smoking cessation treatment through text messaging (iQuit Mindfully) and telehealth (group videoconferencing), both as stand-alone interventions and in combination. In addition, it aims to examine the underlying mechanisms of mindfulness treatment.
Methods: In this 2×2 randomized controlled trial, participants are randomized into 1 of 4 groups based on assignment to iQuit Mindfully text messages (yes or no) and mindfulness videoconference groups (yes or no). The primary outcomes are biochemically verified smoking abstinence at 8, 12, and 24 weeks after the start of treatment. Secondary outcomes include the frequency of home mindfulness practice and self-reported levels of mindfulness, emotions, craving, withdrawal, dependence, self-efficacy, and social support.
Results: Recruitment, treatment, and assessment began in spring and summer 2021, and data collection is expected to continue through spring 2024.
Conclusions: This project aims to improve smoking cessation outcomes for low-income, racially and ethnically diverse smokers through mindfulness-based telehealth group counseling and text messaging support. We also aim to advance the scientific study of the mechanisms of action of mindfulness treatment, which could inform the development of more efficacious and efficient treatments to reduce tobacco disparities.
Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04965181; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04965181. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): PRR1-10.2196/35688.
Comparable studies
Other randomized controlled trials on meditation, most cited first.
| Study | Year | Design | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation Healthy employees in a work environment | 2003 | Randomized controlled trial | n = 41 |
| Prevention of relapse/recurrence in major depression by mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. Recovered recurrently depressed patients | 2000 | Randomized controlled trial | n = 145 |
| Open hearts build lives: Positive emotions, induced through loving-kindness meditation, build consequential personal resources. Working adults | 2008 | Randomized controlled trial | n = 139 |
| Short-term meditation training improves attention and self-regulation Undergraduate Chinese students | 2007 | Randomized controlled trial | n = 40 |
| Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Depression: Replication and Exploration of Differential Relapse Prevention Effects. Recovered recurrently depressed patients | 2004 | Randomized controlled trial | n = 73 |
Citations in the library
Cites 17
- The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2003
- Using Self-Report Assessment Methods to Explore Facets of Mindfulness Assessment January 27, 2006
- Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Depression: A New Approach to Preventing Relapse Psychotherapy Research March 1, 2003
- Standardised Mindfulness-Based Interventions in Healthcare: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of RCTs PLoS One April 16, 2015
- Mindfulness training for smokers via web-based video instruction with phone support: a prospective observational study BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine March 29, 2015
and 12 more in the library