Moderating effect of mindfulness on the relationship between anxiety and somatization symptoms in middle‐aged and elderly female patients with hypertension
Haifei Shen, Ri Zhang, Xiujie Zhang, Ying Zhang, Yan Liu, Wei Song, Yunpeng Cheng, Minghui Yang, Yinong Jiang, Yan Lü
Journal of Clinical Hypertension May 31, 2023 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14670 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Cross-sectional study Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 109 |
| Population | Middle-aged and elderly female patients with hypertension |
| Measures | Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Somatization Symptom Self-rating Scale (SSS) |
| Topics | Anxiety Meditation |
| Citations | 7 |
| Key findings | Anxiety was positively correlated with somatization symptoms (r = 0.606), and mindfulness was negatively correlated with both anxiety (r = -0.468) and somatization symptoms (r = -0.439). Mindfulness significantly moderated the anxiety-somatization relationship (B = -0.166), with the effect evident among participants with low mindfulness (n = 56, B = 0.144) but not those with high mindfulness (n = 53, B = -0.037, P = .393). |
Abstract
To explore the moderating effect of mindfulness on the relationship between anxiety and somatization symptoms in middle-aged and elderly female patients with hypertension and provide a foundation for the development of more effective mindfulness intervention strategies. A total of 109 middle-aged and elderly female patients with hypertension participated in this cross-sectional study from April to July 2022 and provided valid responses to the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Somatization Symptom Self-rating Scale (SSS). The moderating effect of mindfulness was determined using multiple linear regression. The participants' average scores were as follows: mindfulness: 123.86 ± 10.49; anxiety: 7.41 ± 3.62; and somatization symptoms: 41.2 ± 9.44. The anxiety (P = .000) and somatization symptoms (P = .001) of participants with high mindfulness were significantly reduced. Anxiety was positively correlated with somatization symptoms (r = 0.606, P = .000), while mindfulness was negatively correlated with both anxiety (r = -0.468, P = .000) and somatization symptoms (r = -0.439, P = .000). Moreover, mindfulness had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between anxiety and somatization symptoms (n = 109) (B = -0.166, t = -2.125, P = .036). The effect of mindfulness on anxiety and somatization symptoms was more significant in participants with low mindfulness levels (n = 56) (B = 0.144, t = 2.805, P = .008) than in participants with high mindfulness levels (n = 53) (B = -0.037, t = -0.864, P = .393). The moderating effect analysis based on regression analysis showed that mindfulness had a significant moderating effect on anxiety and somatization symptoms, especially in participants with low mindfulness levels.
Comparable studies
Other cross-sectional and survey studies on anxiety, most cited first.
| Study | Year | Design | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Psychological flexibility mediates the relations between acute psychedelic effects and subjective decreases in depression and anxiety. International sample of people who reported having used a psychedelic | 2020 | Cross-sectional survey | n = 985 |
| The Challenging Experience Questionnaire: Characterization of challenging experiences with psilocybin mushrooms Internet survey respondents reporting challenging experiences with psilocybin | 2016 | Questionnaire development and validation | |
| Psychedelics and Mental Health: A Population Study Adult population in the United States | 2013 | Cross-sectional survey | n = 130,152 |
| Ecstasy/MDMA attributed problems reported by novice, moderate and heavy recreational users Ecstasy users who participated in a WWW study of recreational drug use | 2002 | Cross-sectional survey | n = 282 |
| 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) used in a naturalistic group setting is associated with unintended improvements in depression and anxiety. Adults who used 5-MeO-DMT in a group setting with structured procedures | 2019 | Cross-sectional survey | n = 362 |
Citations in the library
Cited by 5
- Temporal dynamics and long-term effects of a mindfulness-based intervention for young adults with adverse childhood experiences. Mindfulness September 1, 2024
- HIV Patients' Mindfulness Moderates How Death Anxiety and Depression Impact Life Quality. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying December 18, 2024
- Designing a meditation module to affect etiological and preventive factors in primary hypertensive patients-A pilot study. Physiological reports February 1, 2025
- Outcomes of Mindfulness Therapy for Adolescents with Mental Health Issues: A Scoping Review March 1, 2026
- Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Reducing Somatization and Attachment Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Trial Journal of Personality and Psychosomatic Research 2023
Cites 4
- Mechanisms of mindfulness Journal of Clinical Psychology December 29, 2005
- Construct Validity of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire in Meditating and Nonmeditating Samples Assessment February 29, 2008
- Moderating Effect of Mindfulness on the Influence of Stress on Depression According to the Level of Stress among University Students in South Korea. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health September 11, 2020
- Mindfulness is associated with sleep quality among patients with fibromyalgia. International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases November 27, 2019