A Comparison of the Phenomenology of Hallucinogens and Schizophrenia From Some Autobiographical Accounts*
Joel E. Kleinman, J. Christian Gillin, Richard Jed Wyatt
Schizophrenia Bulletin 1977 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/3.4.560 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Review Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Topics | Philosophy of mind |
| Keywords | Hallucinogen Phenomenology philosophy Schizophrenia object-oriented programming Autobiographical memory Psychoanalysis Cognitive psychology Psychotherapist Epistemology |
| Citations | 20 |
| Key findings | A comparison of the subjective phenomenology of drug experiences and schizophrenia relying exclusively on autobiographies is nonexistent. |
Abstract
Over the years there have been many reviews of the phenomenology of hallucinogens and schizophrenia. The vast majority of these have been written by scientists who interviewed research subjects and subsequently extracted and summarized the experiences of these subjects. Comparisons of schizophrenia with drug-induced experiences have proven useful in directing further research aimed at increasing understanding of both phenomena. As Knauer and Maloney (1913) point out, Kraepelin employed this strategyin some of his studies. A somewhat different strategy involves the use of autobiographical accounts. Although a number of autobiographies describing drug experiences and schizophrenia have been written, reviews of these accounts are far less common. In fact, a comparison of the subjective phenomenology of drug experiences and schizophrenia relying exclusively on autobiographies seems to be nonexistent. Hoffer and Osmond (1967), who attach considerable significance to autobiographical accounts of drug experiences in understanding hallucinogens and schizophrenia, have drawn the bulk of their conclusions from second-hand accounts; Kaplan (1964) edited a series of autobiographical accounts by people with a variety of mental illnesses as well as an account from a mescaline experience and another with hashish; Metzner (1968) collected a wealth of autobiographical accounts of experiences with mescaline, psilocybin, and d-lysergic acid (LSD). More recently, Freedman (1974) has reviewed autobiographical accounts of schizophrenia including those told directly to another writer. Her effort focuses on the structure and process of schizophrenic thinking
Comparable studies
Other narrative reviews on philosophy of mind, most cited first.
| Study | Year | Design | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Body Consciousness: A Philosophy of Mindfulness and Somaesthetics | 2008 | Review article | |
| Phenomenology, Structure, and Dynamic of Psychedelic States | 2016 | Review | |
| Classic Hallucinogens and Mystical Experiences: Phenomenology and Neural Correlates. | 2018 | Review | |
| The lived experience of psychosis: a bottom-up review co-written by experts by experience and academics. Individuals with lived experience of psychosis, family members, and carers | 2022 | Co-written bottom-up review | |
| From autopoiesis to neurophenomenology: Francisco Varela's exploration of the biophysics of being. | 2003 | Review |
Citations in the library
Cited by 11
- Human psychopharmacology of N,N-dimethyltryptamine Behavioural Brain Research December 1, 1995
- Dreams, Hallucinogenic Drug States, and Schizophrenia: A Psychological and Biological Comparison Schizophrenia Bulletin 1983
- Mystical Experience and Schizophrenia Schizophrenia Bulletin 1981
- Occurrence and use of hallucinogenic mushrooms containing psilocybin alkaloids TemaNord May 19, 2009
- Altered consciousness states and endogenous psychoses: a common molecular pathway? Schizophrenia Research December 19, 1997
and 6 more in the library