Advances in experimental medicine and biology

Rethinking the Treatment-Resistant Depression.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2026 Yunfei Tan, Kenji Hashimoto 1 citation

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) affects about one-third of people with major depression and leads to higher suicide rates, impaired functioning, and increased healthcare use. Originally defined as nonresponse to tricyclic antidepressants, TRD now encompasses inadequate response to multiple antidepressant classes, psychotherapy, and neuromodulation. Inconsistent criteria-varying by agency,...

DOI: 10.1007/978-981-95-6872-7_5 Full text Ketamine Biomarkers Individualized treatment Inflammation +2

New Antidepressant Development in the Treatment of Depression.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2026 Alessandro Spiti, Daniela Caldirola, Giampaolo Perna 1 citation

Major depressive disorder (MDD) continues to pose a major therapeutic challenge due to its clinical heterogeneity. This chapter looks at the development of antidepressant treatments, starting with early interventions such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). Although these treatments targeted the monoaminergic system,...

DOI: 10.1007/978-981-95-6872-7_23 Full text Antidepressants Artificial intelligence Drug development Gabaergic system +3

Psychedelics: Future Therapeutics in Major Depression?

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2026 Berend Olivier, Jocelien D A Olivier

Major depressive disorder (MDD), including treatment-resistant depression (TRD), is a highly prevalent psychiatric disorder. MDD is associated with severe suffering, burden and large economical costs. Although various conventional antidepressant treatments are available, a large portion of depressed people does not or not adequately respond to the first-line treatments (mostly SSRIs and SNRIs)...

DOI: 10.1007/978-981-95-6872-7_25 Full text Ayahuasca Ketamine Major depressive disorder Psilocybin +11

Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Psychedelics in Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD).

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2024 Berend Olivier, Jocelien D A Olivier 11 citations

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent psychiatric disorder, associated with substantial burden and large economical costs. Notwithstanding various conventional antidepressant treatment options, a large portion of depressed people (ca. 30%) fails to respond to first-line treatment, resulting in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Although non-response to multiple antidepressant...

DOI: 10.1007/978-981-97-4402-2_3 Full text Ayahuasca Esketamine Psilocybin Treatment-resistant depression +14

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Depressive Disorders: Enhancing Access and Tailoring Interventions in Diverse Settings.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2024 Marie Drüge, Lisa Guthardt, Elisa Haller et al. 8 citations

Depressive disorders are an enormous societal burden given their high prevalence and impact on all facets of being human (e.g., relationships, emotions, motivation). There is a variety of evidence-based psychological treatments, with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) being the gold standard for major depression. Research has shown that mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) such as...

DOI: 10.1007/978-981-97-4402-2_11 Full text Blended care Cognitive behavioral therapy Depressive disorders Digital mental health +4

How Does Meditation Affect the Default Mode Network: A Systematic Review.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2023 Dimitrios Zagkas, Flora Bacopoulou, Dimitrios Vlachakis et al.

This article provides a systematic review of studies evaluating the effect of meditation on the Default Mode Network (DMN). The review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. A literature search of PubMed, Scopus, and Embase was conducted up to June 2020. Search terms included default mode network or DMN and meditation.A total of 306 articles were identified, of which 16 controlled trials...

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-31986-0_22 Full text Dmn Default mode network Meditation Mindfulness +1

Psychedelic Medicines in Major Depression: Progress and Future Challenges.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2021 José Carlos Bouso, Genís Ona, Rafael G. Dos Santos et al. 6 citations

The volume of research on the therapeutic use of psychedelic drugs has been increasing during the last decades. Partly because of the need of innovative treatments in psychiatry, several studies have assessed the safety and efficacy of drugs like psilocybin or ayahuasca for a wide range of mental disorders, including major depression. The first section of this chapter will offer an introduction...

DOI: 10.1007/978-981-33-6044-0_26 Full text Ayahuasca Depression Psilocybin Hallucinogens +2

Neuropharmacological Effects of the Main Phytocannabinoids: A Narrative Review.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2021 Rafael G. Dos Santos, Jaime E. C. Hallak, José Alexandre S. Crippa

Cannabis can synthetize more than 400 compounds, including terpenes, flavonoids, and more than 100 phytocannabinoids. The main phytocannabinoids are Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). Cannabis-based products are used as medicines in several countries. In this text, we present an overview of the main neurochemical mechanisms of action of the phytocannabinoids, especially THC...

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-57369-0_3 Full text Endocannabinoids Mechanisms of action Neuropharmacology Phytocannabinoids

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: A Review of Therapeutic Role of Meditation Interventions.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2019 Ruwan M Jayatunge, Mieczyslaw Pokorski

This review is an attempt to provide a comprehensive view of post-traumatic-stress disorder (PTSD) and its therapy, focusing on the use of meditation interventions. PTSD is a multimodal psycho-physiological-behavioral disorder, which calls for the potential usefulness of spiritual therapy. Recent times witness a substantial scientific interest in an alternative mind-to-body psychobehavioral...

DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_167 Full text Meditation Mindfulness of breathing Posttraumatic stress disorder Psychobehavioral therapy

Psychobehavioral Effects of Meditation.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2018 Mieczyslaw Pokorski, Anna Suchorzynska

Meditation is an increasingly popular psychobehavioral therapy. Various meditation techniques in use make it hard to objectively scrutinize the psychological benefits. Therefore, in this study we set out to examine the effects of two fundamentally different meditative techniques, Zazen, 'seated meditation', in which the body and mind are calmed, and Tai Chi, 'meditation in motion', based on...

DOI: 10.1007/5584_2017_52 Full text Meditation Coping with stress Mental health Mood +3

Machine free will: is free will a necessary ingredient of machine consciousness?

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2011 Riccardo Manzotti

Sooner or later, machine consciousness will have to address the elusive notion of free will either to dismiss it or to produce a machine implementation. It is unclear whether freedom and consciousness are independent aspects of the human mind or by-product of the same underlying structure. Here, the relevant literature is reviewed focusing on the connection between determinism and...

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-0164-3_15 Full text

Informational theories of consciousness: a review and extension.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2011 Igor Aleksander, David Gamez

In recent years a number of people have suggested that there is a close link between conscious experience and the differentiation and integration of information in certain areas of the brain. The balance between differentiation and integration is often called information integration, and a number of algorithms for measuring it have been put forward, which can be used to make predictions about...

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-0164-3_12 Full text

Simulating visual qualia in the CERA-CRANIUM cognitive architecture.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2011 Raúl Arrabales, Agapito Ledezma, Araceli Sanchis

The concept of qualia poses a central problem in the framework of consciousness studies. Despite it being a controversial issue even in the study of human consciousness, we argue that qualia can be complementarily studied using artificial cognitive architectures. In this work we address the problem of defining qualia in the domain of artificial systems, providing a model of "artificial qualia"....

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-0164-3_18 Full text

The consciousness circuit - an approach to the hard problem.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2010 Sulamita Frohlich, Carlos A Franco

This paper is the continuation of a study about Consciousness as a resulting function between attention and luminosity, presented at the Neuroscience International Congress, which was held in the city of Natal, in Brazil, in 2006. There it was described how visual Consciousness is generated by the interaction of the cortical area activity through FFS (Feedforward Sweep Processes), RP (Recurrent...

DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-79100-5_16 Full text

Computational consciousness: building a self-preserving organism.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2010 Allan Kardec Barros

Consciousness has been a subject of crescent interest among the neuroscience community. However, building machine models of it is quite challenging, as it involves many characteristics and properties of the human brain which are poorly defined or are very abstract. Here I propose to use information theory (IT) to give a mathematical framework to understand consciousness. For this reason, I used...

DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-79100-5_17 Full text

Kynurenic acid and schizophrenia.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2003 Sophie Erhardt, Lilly Schwieler, Göran Engberg

In recent years the "dopamine (DA) hypothesis of schizophrenia", has been modified into a more diversified view where an attenuated glutamatergic neurotransmission is believed to participate in the pathogenesis of the disease. Thus, schizophrenia may be regarded as a glutamate deficiency disorder. Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an endogenous glutamate antagonist with a preferential action at the...

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-0135-0_18 Full text

The PCP site of the NMDA receptor complex.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 1990 J F MacDonald, M C Bartlett, I Mody et al.

Evidence from electropharmacological experimentation favors the hypothesis that the PCP site is intimately associated with the channel domain of the NMDA receptor. But it is too early to state that this site lies deep within the NMDA channel pore. Determining the molecular details of the PCP site will require a complete and detailed kinetic analysis of NMDA single channel behavior. Furthermore,...

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-5769-8_4 Full text

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