Behavior therapy
July 1, 2024
Natalie N Watson-Singleton, Jordan Pennefather
8 citations
A culturally responsive mindfulness mobile health app increased self-compassion, mindfulness use, and self-efficacy with mindfulness among African American adults. In a 12-week randomized controlled trial with 170 Black/African American participants, those using the app reported more self-compassion, greater mindfulness use, and higher self-efficacy for mindfulness compared to a wait-list control group. However, no significant differences were found for stress, depressive symptoms, anxiety, emotional regulation difficulties, or resilience. Participants rated the app highly for satisfaction and relevance. The findings indicate the app supports health-promoting behaviors like mindfulness in this population.
Behavior therapy
January 1, 2024
Ian M Raugh, Gregory P Strauss
6 citations
People with psychotic disorders report lower overall mindfulness than nonpsychiatric controls, with the largest difference in the acceptance component among those with affective psychosis. Greater attentive monitoring is linked to better neurocognitive performance, while greater nonjudgmental acceptance is associated with fewer defeatist beliefs, less alexithymia, and lower depression and anxiety symptoms. These findings suggest that acceptance, in particular, may be a valuable treatment target for psychosocial interventions for psychotic disorders, especially when mood symptoms are present.
Behavior therapy
May 1, 2026
Yanjuan Li, Amy Hu, Yiran Ding et al.
During a mindfulness-based intervention, daily distress tolerance predicted next-day anxiety and, in later weeks, next-day depression, but the reverse relationships were not significant. Eighty-three adults with high emotional distress completed daily diaries before, during, and after the intervention. Distress tolerance, anxiety, and depression all improved one week after the intervention. In the first three weeks no time-lagged effects appeared; in the last four weeks, higher distress tolerance on one day predicted lower anxiety and depression the next day. The findings support distress tolerance as a temporal precursor to emotional distress, particularly when interventions aim to enhance it.
Behavior therapy
January 1, 2023
Lyn Ellett, Jessica Kingston, Eryna Tarant et al.
People with persecutory delusions organize their self-concept differently than healthy individuals, holding more negative self-attributes and keeping positive and negative traits in separate mental compartments. In Study 1, 27 individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum diagnoses and current persecutory delusions showed greater compartmentalization, a higher proportion of negative attributes, and more importance assigned to negative self-aspects compared with 47 healthy controls. In Study 2, the same clinical group completed a card-sorting task before and after 12 weeks of mindfulness-based therapy or treatment-as-usual. Large effect sizes indicated reductions in compartmentalization and proportion of negative attributes following mindfulness therapy, though no link emerged between delusion severity and self-structure. The findings suggest self-structure can change with psychological therapy.
Behavior therapy
September 1, 2019
Anna E Kunze, Jaap Lancee, Nexhmedin Morina et al.
Imagery rescripting and imaginal exposure are both effective treatments for nightmare disorder, but they work through different underlying mechanisms. In a randomized wait-list controlled trial with 104 participants, enhanced mastery or self-efficacy regarding nightmare content mediated the therapeutic effects of imagery rescripting. In contrast, increased tolerability of negative emotions elicited by nightmares mediated the effects of imaginal exposure. Although both treatments produce similar therapeutic outcomes, they appear to engage distinct psychological processes.
Behavior therapy
November 1, 2015
Andrew S McClintock, Timothy Anderson, Saryn Cranston
A mindfulness-based therapy for maladaptive interpersonal dependency (MT-MID) produced larger improvements than a minimal contact control on five outcomes—mindfulness, maladaptive dependency, helplessness, fears of negative evaluation, and excessive reassurance seeking—at both posttreatment and a 4-week follow-up. Median effect sizes were large (d=1.61 at posttreatment, d=1.51 at follow-up). Clinically significant change occurred in 56.5% of MT-MID participants at posttreatment and 42.9% at follow-up, versus 0% in the control group. Increases in mindfulness appeared to mediate the dependency improvements. The results offer preliminary support for this mindfulness-based approach.
Behavior therapy
June 1, 2010
Carla M Nappi, Sean P A Drummond, Steven R Thorp et al.
Imagery Rehearsal Therapy (IRT) reduces nightmares and daytime PTSD symptoms in veterans who complete a full course of treatment. A chart review of veterans seeking outpatient care for chronic, trauma-related nightmares found that those who had completed PTSD treatment in the past year were more likely to start IRT. Treatment completers reported significant decreases in nightmare frequency and intensity, insomnia severity, and subjective daytime PTSD symptoms. After treatment, average insomnia and PTSD symptoms fell below clinical cutoffs, and 23% of patients had a complete treatment response (one or fewer nightmares per week). The findings suggest IRT may be an effective short-term treatment for veterans.