ABSTRACT This narrative review explores the phenomenon of inner speech – mental speech without visible articulation – and its implications for cognitive science and clinical practice. Despite its importance, the many neural mechanisms underlying inner speech remain unclear. We propose classifying inner speech into monologic, dialogal, elicited, and spontaneous forms, and discuss related...
ABSTRACT Here we examine how people’s understanding of consciousness may have been shaped by an implicit theory of mind. This social cognition approach may help to make sense of an apparent divide between the physically incoherent consciousness we think we have and the complex, rich, but mechanistic consciousness we may actually have. We suggest this approach helps reconcile some of the current...
Graziano et al. (in press) sketch some suggestive ways in which Graziano’s attention-schema theory (AST) of consciousness (Graziano, 2013, 2019; Webb & Graziano, 2015) connects with three other the...
Graziano and colleagues (this volume) have proposed a new theory of consciousness, called Attention Schema Theory (AST), both in an attempt to dissolve the “hard” problem of consciousness and as a ...
In the interesting and thought-provoking article Grazziano and colleagues argue for their Attention Schema Theory (AST) of consciousness. They present AST as a unification of Global Workspace Theory (GWT), Illusionism, and the Higher-Order Thought (HOT) theory. We argue it is a mistake to equate 'subjective experience,' ad related terms, with dualism. They simply denote experience. Also, as...
This manuscript is an invited commentary on the article "Toward a standard model of consciousness: Reconciling the attention schema, global workspace, higher-order thought, and illusionist theories", by Drs. Graziano, Guterstam, Bio, and Wilterson, published in Cognitive Neuropsychology (2020). We believe this article is a timely attempt to find commonalities among a growing number of theories...
Several thousand years ago, our human ancestors realized that the brain was the organ of the mind and movement. But, how does the brain generate a voluntary movement and adds consciousness to it? Here, we assume that these two processes can be explained by neuroscience, but a large proportion of our society -including some scientists- considers consciousness as some immaterial substance that...
Electrical stimulation of the nervous system is a powerful tool for localizing and examining the function of numerous brain regions. Delivered to certain regions of the cerebral cortex, electrical stimulation can evoke a variety of first-order effects, including observable movements or an urge to move, or somatosensory, visual, or auditory percepts. In still other regions the subject may be...
We report the case of a 42-year-old man (patient CL) who developed a particular profile of amnesia with two dates of onset. At the first onset, the patient suffered a mild/lmoderate injury that accounts for an initial anterograde and mild retrograde memory impairment. At the second onset, 8 months later, he suffered a sudden and persistent loss of personal identity and severe retrograde...