Perioperative (es)ketamine significantly reduces POD risk but not POND. Subgroup analyses reveal esketamine excels in delirium prevention, while racemic ketamine shows better cognitive protection.
Abstract Background: The incidence of preoperative anxiety in children is significantly higher than in adults. Esketamine, the dextrorotatory enantiomer of ketamine, has been shown to alleviate preoperative anxiety in children effectively. Previous studies have established the effective dose (ED 50 ) of esketamine for reducing anxiety in pediatric patients. However, the 95% effective dose (ED...