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Michael Timothy Bennett

11 papers in the library · 9 citations · publishing 2023-2026

Papers

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Global Broadcast Fails as a Theory of Consciousness

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) August 11, 2026 Michael Timothy Bennett preprint

Global Workspace Theory has failed to prove that broadcast is necessary or sufficient for human-like reportable access consciousness. Either broadcast is just availability to reasoning, memory, action and speech, in which case it is a renaming and not a mechanism, or it is a workspace architecture that has not been shown necessary for that availability. To resolve this, I construct direct...

IIT Traded the Pineal Gland for Causal Units

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) August 10, 2026 Michael Timothy Bennett preprint

Integrated Information Theory identifies each experience with the $\Phi$-structure unfolded from a maximal causal substrate. Its calculation begins from a transition probability matrix over chosen units and interventions. I identify two limits on the claim this structure is intrinsic. First, a complete list of properties shared by every experience does not entail IIT's physical postulates are...

A Mind Cannot Be Smeared Across Time

Proceedings of the AAAI Symposium Series May 18, 2026 Michael Timothy Bennett

Whether machines can be conscious depends not only on what they compute, but when they compute it. Most deployed artificial systems realise their functions via sequential or time-multiplexed updates, yet a moment of conscious experience feels unified and simultaneous. I prove that this difference matters. I augment Stack Theory with algebraic laws relating within time-window constraint...

DOI: 10.1609/aaaiss.v8i1.42545 (opens in new tab) Consciousness Conjunction astronomy Chord peer-to-peer Temporal logic +12

No Selves, No Consciousness

AAAI Spring Symposia May 18, 2026 Michael Timothy Bennett

Generalisation-optimal learning favours weak rules that keep many futures open. Adaptation under this heuristic yields a hierarchy of selves. Previous Stack Theory results show this hierarchy is necessary for human-like consciousness. A first-order self tags intervention versus observation, enabling causal learning and underpinning subjective experience. A second-order self models the listener,...

Why Is Anything Conscious?

arXiv Preprint Archive September 22, 2024 Michael Timothy Bennett, Sean Welsh, Anna Ciaunica preprint

We tackle the hard problem of consciousness taking the naturally selected, embodied organism as our starting point. We provide a formalism describing how biological systems self-organise to hierarchically interpret unlabelled sensory information according to valence. Such interpretations imply behavioural policies which are differentiated from each other only by the qualitative aspect of...

Full text (opens in new tab) Consciousness Artificial-intelligence cs.ai Evolutionary-biology Cognitive-science

Emergent Causality & the Foundation of Consciousness

April 28, 2023 Michael Timothy Bennett

Awarded “Best Student Paper” and published in Proceedings of The 16th International Conference on Artificial General Intelligence, Stockholm, 2023. To make accurate inferences in an interactive setting, an agent must not confuse passive observation of events with having intervened to cause them. The do operator formalises interventions so that we may reason about their effect. Yet there exist...

Emergent Causality and the Foundation of Consciousness

arXiv (Cornell University) February 7, 2023 Michael Timothy Bennett 9 citations preprint

To make accurate inferences in an interactive setting, an agent must not confuse passive observation of events with having intervened to cause them. The $do$ operator formalises interventions so that we may reason about their effect. Yet there exist pareto optimal mathematical formalisms of general intelligence in an interactive setting which, presupposing no explicit representation of...

The Phenomenal Is Functional: A Unified Theory of Consciousness and Computation

Michael Timothy Bennett, Sean Welsh

Please note this is a draft on which we are seeking feedback. Substantial changes and a third author are likely be added to the next version. The hard problem of consciousness asks why there is something it is like to be a conscious organism. We address this from 1st principles, by constructing a formalism that unifies lower and higher order theories of consciousness. We assume...

Enactivism & Objectively Optimal Super-Intelligence

Michael Timothy Bennett

Software’s effect upon the world hinges upon the hardware that interprets it. This tends not to be an issue, because we standardise hardware. AI is typically conceived of as a software mind running on such interchangeable hardware. The hardware interacts with an environment, and the software interacts with the hardware. This formalises mind-body dualism, in that a software mind can be run on...

How To Build Conscious Machines

Michael Timothy Bennett

How to build a conscious machine? For that matter, what is consciousness? Why is my world made of qualia like the colour red or the smell of coffee? Are these fundamental building blocks of reality, or can I break them down into something more basic? If so, that suggests qualia are like an abstraction layer in a computer. A simplification. Some say simplicity is the key to intelligence. Systems...

Computational Dualism and Objective Superintelligence

Michael Timothy Bennett

The concept of intelligent software is flawed. The behaviour of software is determined by the hardware that "interprets" it. This undermines claims regarding the behaviour of theorised, software superintelligence. Here we characterise this problem as "computational dualism", where instead of mental and physical substance, we have software and hardware. We argue that to make objective claims...