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Raffaella Zanardi

8 papers in the library · 207 citations · publishing 2023-2026

Papers

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Higher Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Is Associated With Better Response to Esketamine in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Post Hoc Exploratory Analysis of Real-World Data.

Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology May 1, 2026 Matteo Carminati, Mattia Tondello, Chiara Morana et al.

Growing evidence links inflammation with major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment resistance. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has emerged as a simple peripheral marker of systemic inflammation and immune balance and it may capture clinically meaningful heterogeneity in inflammatory burden, potentially contributing to variability in antidepressant response and vulnerability to...

Intravenous Ketamine Followed by Intranasal Esketamine in 2 Subsequent Treatment-resistant Depressive Episodes: Insights From a Case Series.

Journal of Psychiatric Practice September 1, 2025 Matteo Carminati, Mattia Tondello, Barbara Barbini et al. 2 citations

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a relevant issue in psychiatric practice, driving the exploration of innovative therapeutic alternatives. Ketamine and its enantiomer, esketamine, are emerging as treatments known for their effectiveness as rapid-acting antidepressants. Although previous comparative studies have highlighted some differences in their effects, they did not concurrently...

Effectiveness of repeated Esketamine nasal spray administration on anhedonic symptoms in treatment-resistant bipolar and unipolar depression: A secondary analysis from the REAL-ESK study group.

Psychiatry Research July 26, 2025 Giacomo D’andrea, Clara Cavallotto, Mauro Pettorruso et al. 16 citations

INTRODUCTION Anhedonia, defined as the diminished ability to experience or anticipate pleasure, is a core symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar depression (BD), and associated with depression severity, suicidality and poor treatment outcomes. Conventional antidepressants demonstrate limited efficacy against anhedonia. Esketamine nasal spray (ESK-NS) - a novel NMDA receptor...

Understanding and treating postpartum depression: a narrative review.

International Clinical Psychopharmacology May 1, 2025 Vincenzo Cardaci, Matteo Carminati, Mattia Tondello et al. 7 citations

Postpartum depression (PPD) is an increasingly prevalent but still poorly characterized disorder. Causal and modulating factors include hormones fluctuations, such as estrogen, progesterone, and allopregnolone, pathways imbalances, such as oxytocin and kynurenine, chronobiological factors, and brain imaging alterations. Treatment may differ from the traditional major depression management,...

Patient Experience with Intranasal Esketamine in Treatment-Resistant Depression: Insights from a Multicentric Italian Study (REAL-ESKperience)

Journal of Personalized Medicine April 1, 2025 Marco Di, M. Pepe, Giacomo D’andrea et al. 18 citations

Background. Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a prevalent, high-burden disorder. Esketamine nasal spray (ESK-NS) has been approved for, T.R.D.; and efficacy has been observed in both clinical trials and real-world studies. However, observations integrating patients’ perspective on this treatment are limited. This multicentric Italian study explored experiences with ESK-NS in TRD patients,...

Predicting outcome with Intranasal Esketamine treatment: A machine-learning, three-month study in Treatment-Resistant Depression (ESK-LEARNING)

Psychiatry Research July 29, 2023 Mauro Pettorruso, Roberto Guidotti, Giacomo D’andrea et al. 56 citations

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) represents a severe clinical condition with high social and economic costs. Esketamine Nasal Spray (ESK-NS) has recently been approved for TRD by EMA and FDA, but data about predictors of response are still lacking. Thus, a tool that can predict the individual patients' probability of response to ESK-NS is needed. This study investigates sociodemographic and...

Investigating the Effectiveness and Tolerability of Intranasal Esketamine Among Older Adults With Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD): A Post-hoc Analysis from the REAL-ESK Study Group

American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry July 8, 2023 Giacomo D’andrea, Stefania Chiappini, Roger S McIntyre et al. 36 citations

INTRODUCTION: Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a serious and debilitating psychiatric disorder that frequently affects older patients. Esketamine nasal spray (ESK-NS) has recently been approved as a treatment for TRD, with multiple studies establishing its efficacy and tolerability. However, the real-world effectiveness, tolerability, and safety of this treatment in older adults is still...

Treating bipolar depression with esketamine: Safety and effectiveness data from a naturalistic multicentric study on esketamine in bipolar versus unipolar treatment‐resistant depression

Bipolar Disorders January 13, 2023 Giovanni Martinotti, Bernardo Dell’osso, Giorgio Di Lorenzo et al. 72 citations

BACKGROUND: Bipolar depression accounts for most of the disease duration in type I and type II bipolar disorder (BD), with few treatment options, often poorly tolerated. Many individuals do not respond to first-line therapeutic options, resulting in treatment-resistant bipolar depression (B-TRD). Esketamine, the S-enantiomer of ketamine, has recently been approved for treatment-resistant...