Hallucinations and mental imagery demonstrate top-down effects on visual perception
Behavioral and Brain Sciences 2016 Piers D. L. Howe, Olivia Carter 26 citations
In this commentary, we present two examples where perception is not only influenced by, but also in fact driven by, top-down effects: hallucinations and mental imagery. Crucially, both examples avoid all six of the potential confounds that Firestone & Scholl (F&S) raised as arguments against previous studies claiming to demonstrate the influence of top-down effects on perception.