Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
June 1, 1996
S Yajnik, James P Zacny, C J Young et al.
A crossover, double-blind trial was conducted using eleven healthy volunteers to determine whether and the degree to which acute drug tolerance occurred to the subjective, cognitive, and psychomotor effects of a range of subanesthetic nitrous oxide doses (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40%). There was little evidence of acute drug tolerance to the subjective measures or to the cognitive/psychomotor...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
August 1, 1995
James P Zacny, S Yajnik, Dennis W. Coalson et al.
Two double-blind, randomized, crossover trials were conducted to study whether the benzodiazepine antagonist, flumazenil, would interact with the subjective and psychomotor effects of nitrous oxide in healthy volunteers. In both experiments, eight subjects inhaled 30% nitrous oxide in oxygen for 35 min and were challenged, 10 min into the inhalation, with flumazenil. Experiment 1 tested a range...
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
December 1, 1994
S Yajnik, P Thapar, J L Lichtor et al.
An experiment using marijuana users and non-users was conducted to assess whether the reinforcing, subjective, or psychomotor effects of nitrous oxide were influenced by a subject's drug history. Subjects in the first four sessions sampled 40% nitrous oxide in oxygen and 100% oxygen (placebo), and then over the next three sessions, chose which agent they wished to inhale. Choice distributions...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
November 1, 1994
James P Zacny, Dennis W. Coalson, J L Lichtor et al.
The effects of naloxone on the mood-altering and psychomotor-impairing effects of nitrous oxide were examined in two studies. Each of the double-blind, randomized trials tested effects of three doses of naloxone or saline placebo during inhalation of 30% nitrous oxide in oxygen or 100% oxygen placebo. Experiment 1 tested a range of naloxone doses used clinically to reverse opiate-induced...
Psychopharmacology
April 1, 1994
James P Zacny, G Sparacino, P Hoffmann et al.
A prospective, crossover, double-blind trial was conducted in nine healthy volunteers in which the subjective, psychomotor and memory effects of isoflurane (0.0, 0.3 and 0.6%) and nitrous oxide (N2O) (0, 20 and 40%) were examined. Dependent measures included visual analog scales and a standardized drug effects inventory (subjective effects), reaction time and eye-hand coordination (e.g.,...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
December 1, 1993
Cathleen S. Dohrn, J L Lichtor, Dennis W. Coalson et al.
The reinforcing, subjective, and psychomotor effects of 30 min of inhalation of 20% nitrous oxide were determined in 12 healthy volunteers using a choice paradigm with 100% oxygen as placebo. Nitrous oxide was chosen on only 22% of choice occasions, indicating that, in general, this concentration did not function as a reinforcer. Nitrous oxide produced changes in mood, but had no effect on...
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
February 1, 1993
Cathleen S. Dohrn, J L Lichtor, Dennis W. Coalson et al.
The subjective, psychomotor and reinforcing effects of nitrous oxide at subanesthetic doses (30% and 40% in oxygen) were determined in normal healthy volunteers using a choice paradigm. Thirty percent nitrous oxide was chosen no more often than oxygen (41.6% choice rate), indicating that, for most of the subjects tested, extended inhalation of this nitrous oxide concentration was no more...