Abstract Background Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic, debilitating mental condition with consistent prevalence across genders and ethnicities. It's marked by high relapse rates, mood swings, and disruptions in various life aspects. Prior research has highlighted neuropsychological impairments in BD. Aims & Objectives This study investigates the therapeutic effect of dextromethorphan (DM), an...
This paper introduces the state space theory of consciousness, positing that the cortex processes information through delay coordinate embedding operationalized by recurrent neural network engines. This leverages the power of Takens' theorem, giving rise to representations of reality as points within state space. Consciousness is posited to arise at the highest order engines amongst...
Abstract Background Psilocybin research in depression has been generated using chemically synthesized psilocybin (PSI). Psychedelic mushrooms produce additional tryptamines that may enhance the neuroplastic effect of psilocybin. In a rodent depression model, an extract of a psychedelic mushroom (PME) had a stronger and more prolonged effect than PSI on behavior[1]. Aims and Objectives To...
Psychedelics have shown promising effects in several psychiatric diseases as demonstrated by multiple clinical trials. However, no clinical experiments on patients with schizophrenia have been conducted up to date, except for some old semi-anecdotal studies mainly performed in the time-span '50s-'60s. Notably, these studies reported interesting findings, particularly on the improvement of...
Neuroinflammation is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and major depressive disorder. Psychedelics, such as psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and dimethyltryptamine (DMT), have demonstrated promising therapeutic effects on neuroinflammation, primarily through interactions...
Psychedelics, historically celebrated for their cultural and spiritual significance, have emerged as potential breakthrough therapeutic agents due to their profound effects on consciousness, emotional processing, mood, and neural plasticity. This review explores the mechanisms underlying psychedelics’ effects, focusing on their ability to modulate brain connectivity and neural circuit activity,...
Psychedelics engage the serotonergic system as potent neuromodulators, increasing neuroplasticity in humans and rodents. Persistent changes in cognitive flexibility, emotional regulation, and social cognition are thought to underlie the therapeutic effects of psychedelics. However, the underlying molecular and cellular basis of psychedelic-induced plasticity remains unclear. Here, we identify...
MDMA or 3,4- methylenedioxymethamphetamine is a psychoactive substance, exhibiting mild hallucinogenic properties, that became widely known as a recreational party drug. However, its ability in helping individuals access deeply rooted emotions has prompted significant interest in its potential applications within clinical practice. MDMA’s mechanism of action involves increasing the release of...
NMDAR antagonists, such as memantine and ketamine, have shown efficacy in treating neurodegenerative diseases and major depression. The mechanism by which these drugs correct the aforementioned diseases is still unknown. Our study reveals that these antagonists significantly enhance 20S proteasome activity, crucial for degrading intrinsically disordered, oxidatively damaged, or misfolded...
This essay examines how yoga, as a holistic practice, can improve mental health and build emotional fortitude. The study explores how yoga incorporates physical postures, breathwork, and mindfulness to alleviate stress, anxiety, and emotional difficulties, drawing on scientific research and traditional traditions. It looks at the psychological and physiological processes—such as autonomic...