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Meditation: all studies

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Research

The MindBody Problem: A Comparative Study of Rene Descartes, Baruch Spinoza and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz.

JOURNAL OF EMERGING TRENDS AND NOVEL RESEARCH 2026 Soumili Das, S. Mandal

- In the history of philosophy, there have been many disagreements regarding the existence of consciousness and its basis. The main question is whether consciousness is produced from matter or whether it has an independent existence. Some philosophers claim that consciousness originates from matter; they are called materialists. Others believe that the world is composed of two substances—matter...

Beyond the Visible Cosmos: A Heuristic Interdisciplinary Framework for Consciousness, Cosmology, and Cosmic Evolution

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science 2026 Mahesh Shrestha

Modern cosmology has established that ordinary baryonic matter constitutes only a small fraction of the cosmic mass–energy budget, while dark matter and dark energy account for the dominant remainder. Although their gravitational and cosmological effects are strongly supported by observation, their underlying physical nature remains incompletely understood. At the same time, consciousness...

Side Effects, Benefits and Associated Mechanisms in High Ventilation Breathwork: A Naturalistic Online Survey

2026 Josephine Jörke, Lena Erdmann, Michael A. Rapp et al. preprint

High ventilation breathwork (HVB) has received growing interest as a potential therapeutic tool in the context of the psychedelic renaissance and the expanding scientific research on mind–body practices. It involves intentionally increasing the speed and/or depth of breathing and is often conducted in groups, guided by facilitators and accompanied by evocative music. HVB has been reported to...

Improving measurement of altered states of consciousness

2026 Mac Gallen, Vince Polito preprint

Practices involving altered states of consciousness (ASCs) are receiving increasing scientific and public attention, particularly in domains such as psychedelic assisted therapy and mindfulness-based interventions (Lee et al., 2021; Nichols et al., 2017). There is also an increasing interest in a broader range of practices involving altered states, including breathwork, ice-bath immersions,...

Challenging STEM Learning Spaces: The Paradigm of Contemplative Traditions as the Bedrock of Creativity and Healing

Journal of Contemplative and Holistic Education 2026 Raaghav Pandya, Christopher Emdin

As the post-pandemic classroom and pedagogy evolve to remedy oppressive norms, young people’s mental health and alienation has taken front stage (Rahmani & Zitouni, 2022). Traditional STEM learning spaces often teach inquiry as a linear, non-deviated approach to problems about self and nature (Hrisa & Psillos, 2022). Furthermore, because our classrooms often strip students and educators of...

A Remembrance Ritual in the Classroom--Death, Middle School, and Contemplative Education

Journal of Contemplative and Holistic Education 2026 Kari Van Gelder

Death is generally unspoken, ignored, and considered too difficult to bring forward into our classrooms. Bringing death to my contemplative pedagogy has been essential for me as a teacher and on behalf of my middle school students. The deepest and most reverential way that we do this in my classroom is through an annual remembrance ritual. On this day, we remember people and pets in our lives...

Rethinking Subjectivity

Epistemology & Philosophy of Science 2026 Pietro Perconti

The mind has a subjective side. This is evidenced by a number of cognitive processes, including self-consciousness, first-person perspective, qualia, and individual differences in perception and emotion. In the early decades of cognitive science, these types of mental events were studied very cautiously. It was feared that they would compromise the experimental character of the new science of...

The Factual and Value-Oriented Nature of Chinese Taoist Philosophy of Heart-Mind

Open Journal of Philosophy 2026 Ying Ren, Hong Chen

Taoist philosophy of heart-mind explores the nature of mind and psychological phenomena with a factual nature and guides the possibility and practical path of the sage with a value-oriented nature, and realizes the unity of the two in exploring the nature of mind and transcendence. In terms of factual nature, Taoism takes “Tao” as the metaphysical foundation and “qi” as the material basis,...

A Commentary on “Rethinking Subjectivity

Epistemology & Philosophy of Science 2026 Massimiliano L. Cappuccio

Perconti’s paper argues that social cognition is more fundamental than self-consciousness and indeed forms its foundation. Drawing on perspectives from enactivism and empirical fields like social neuroscience, robotics, and performance psychology, the argument challenges the traditional view that self-consciousness represents the pinnacle of human cognition. Instead, the author maintains that...