Some years ago when I was in Japan, I was having dinner with Hiroshi Ishiguro, a leading international roboticist, perhaps most well-known for his android creations.That dinner marked the beginning of what has now become more than a decade of us meeting as friends and as collaborators on research about people's social and moral relationships with robots.For our dinner, Ishiguro had chosen a...
Abstract This chapter defends the claim that Spinoza had a theory of consciousness against Garber (2021). The claim that Spinoza’s idea of the idea is the form of the idea, not because it represents the formal reality of the lower-order idea (Bennett 1984), but rather because it refers to the way in which a subject’s mind takes a representation of some modification of her body as representing...
Contemporary mind science has reached an impasse over the "hard prob-lem" of consciousness, facing the predicament of data-rich yet theoreti-cally fragmented. This paper proposes the "Generative Theory of the Sensation-Behavior Cycle," achieving a fundamental paradigm shift: from abstract speculation about "consciousness" to the study of life itself as a generative process of the "Youjue...
In his innovative and creative attempt to reconcile empiricism and religion, William James made the case for finite theism and a pluralistic conception of the cosmos involving overlapping minds of several scales. In doing so, James also cautioned against abandoning functional psychology in favor of what he called entitative points of view. In his work, Ralph Barton Perry critiqued James for...
A comparison will be made between emergentism and panpsychism to answer the question of whether panpsychism represents a sound alternative to emergentism: I think that physicalist emergentism is a good solution for the problems raised by the mind-body problem, despite its inhability to define the ontological status of the mental states and to solve the ancient problems connected to dualism....
Introduction: Three primary faculties of mind and mental health. According to the ancient Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda, a comprehensive model for aspects of cognition derived from three basic functions that decide mental process are Dhi (the acquisition aspect, reasoning facet of intellect), Dhriti (the retention or sustaining or volitional, cognitive stability), and Smriti (memory). The...
Abstract This article examines hand mnemonics as technologies of ritual practice in the medieval world, comparing an unstudied tenth-century Chinese Buddhist mnemonic from Dunhuang (Bibliothèque nationale de France MS Pelliot Chinois 3835) with Latin Christian “meditation hands” from thirteenth- to fifteenth-century Europe. Through phenomenological analysis of their attentional protocols – or...
The concept of the extended mind was developed by Andy Clark and David Chalmers in the 1990s. Scholars have repeatedly interpreted this concept and elaborated on its various aspects. This article addresses technological aspects of the extension by focusing attention on the complementary action (called augmentation) of artificial intelligence on the human mind and its consequences. While some of...
Scientific ReportsJanuary 8, 2026Suong Welp, Andrea Hildelbrandt, David A. Magezi et al.
The Rubber Voice Illusion is an auditory analogue of the classic Rubber Hand Illusion, a “mind-trick” for the voice. When speakers hear a stranger’s utterances that are perfectly time‑locked and syllable‑matched to their own voice, many momentarily adopt that alien voice as self‑generated. We used this illusion to probe the integrity of predictive auditory mechanisms across the psychosis...
The traditions of developmental science and contemplative wisdom offer distinct views of conditions for a healthy self. While the former delineates developmental paths by which caregiving supports the growth of essential self-functions, the latter presents self-transcendent capacities based on development through practice. In this article, we propose a model that integrates these approaches to...