The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
February 23, 2021
Avinash Hosanagar, Joseph Cusimano, Rajiv Radhakrishnan
1 citation
P sychedelics have recently gained attention as compounds with therapeutic potential in the treatment of psychiatric disorders.The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Breakthrough Therapy Designations for (±)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) as an adjunct to psychotherapy in severe posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (in 2017) and for the adjunctive use of psilocybin with...
Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
January 27, 2021
M.l. Shawn Bates, Keith A Trujillo
57 citations
Adolescence is a period of profound developmental changes, which run the gamut from behavioral and neural to physiological and hormonal. It is also a time at which there is an increased propensity to engage in risk-taking and impulsive behaviors like drug use. This review examines the human and preclinical literature on adolescent drug use and its consequences, with a focus on dissociatives...
Journal of the Academy of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry
January 21, 2021
Brian S. Barnett, George Greer
13 citations
BackgroundPsychedelic compounds such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, and 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) share a long and complex history with psychiatry. A half century ago, psychedelics were widely employed by psychiatrists in investigational and clinical settings, with studies demonstrating promising findings for their use in the treatment of mental illness and...
Frontiers in Pharmacology
January 20, 2021
Ole Jensen, Muhammad Rafehi, Lukas Gebauer et al.
24 citations
Psychostimulants are used therapeutically and for illegal recreational purposes. Many of these are inhibitors of the presynaptic noradrenaline, dopamine, and serotonin transporters (NET, DAT, and SERT). According to their physicochemical properties, some might also be substrates of polyspecific organic cation transporters (OCTs) that mediate uptake in liver and kidneys for metabolism and...
5-HT2B Receptors
2021
Dino Luethi, Matthias E. Liechti
3 citations
Stimulant and psychedelic drugs of abuse exert their effects through interactions with monoaminergic systems. Compared to other monoaminergic receptors and transporters, the 5-hydroxytryptamine 2B (5-HT_2B) receptor represents a relatively little studied target of serotonergic drugs of abuse. However, studies suggest the involvement of 5-HT_2B receptors in the mechanism of action of...
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
December 17, 2020
Veronica Cocchi, Sofia Gasperini, Patrizia Hrelia et al.
32 citations
Psychedelic and stimulating phenethylamines belong to the family of new psychoactive substances (NPS). The acute toxicity framework has begun to be investigated, while studies showing genotoxic potential are very limited or not available. Therefore, in order to fill this gap, the aim of the present work was to evaluate the genotoxicity by treating TK6 cells with 2C-H, 2C-I, 2C-B, 25B-NBOMe, and...
Journal of Psychopharmacology
July 17, 2020
Carl A Roberts, Isaac Osborne-Miller, Jon C. Cole et al.
33 citations
Background: Data on actual harm of magic mushrooms suggest that toxicity and abuse potential is low, however, their legal status suggests otherwise. We aimed to gauge perception of harm of magic mushrooms in both users and mushroom-naïve participants. We also aimed to observe differences in expectations of effects between users and mushroom-naïve participants, and whether motivations for use...
Frontiers in Psychiatry
July 7, 2020
Michael Specka, Thomas Kuhlmann, Jürgen Sawazki et al.
42 citations
Background About 15 years ago, a diverse group of new recreational psychotropic substances began to emerge, which were marketed for example as “legal highs,” “research chemicals,” or “designer drugs.” These substances were later subsumed under the label “Novel Psychoactive Substances” (NPS). Important NPS classes are cathinones, synthetic cannabimimetics, phenethylamines, and herbal drugs. The...
The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update
May 6, 2020
1 citation
Although research findings to date do not support the use of psychedelic compounds in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, the existing body of research justifies continued investigation, a literature review concludes. The review found the most significant evidence supporting use of psilocybin and 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Both of these drugs have been given “breakthrough...
Neural Regeneration Research
May 1, 2020
Giulia Costa, Maria Antonietta De Luca, Gessica Piras et al.
Preclinical and clinical studies indicate that synthetic psychoactive substances, in addition to having abuse potential, may elicit toxic effects of varying severity at the peripheral and central levels. Nowadays, toxicity induced by synthetic psychoactive substances poses a serious harm for health, since recreational use of these substances is on the rise among young and adult people. The...