Despite being approved by the US FDA and the EU European Medicines Agency, the performance of esketamine nasal spray as an adjunctive therapy with an antidepressant in major depressive disorder is still controversial. Comprehensive retrieval in Embase, Pubmed, and Web of Science was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials comparing esketamine nasal spray versus control in major...
Assessment measures for suicidal behavior range from depression scales to longer suicide-specific instruments. In this review, we systematically summarize and discuss the currently used instruments for assessing suicidal behavior in the context of ketamine and its enantiomers. We searched Medline/PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO databases for ketamine (and its enantiomers) human studies exploring...
CNS DrugsJune 1, 2025Sijia Zhang, Houtan Afshar, Peter J. Colvonen et al.1 citation
Ketamine and esketamine are increasingly used to manage treatment-resistant depression and have also been shown to reduce symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Little is known about how common comorbidities in the veteran population, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI) or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), may influence ketamine and esketamine treatment outcomes. In this retrospective...
Abstract Objective Ketamine and esketamine have both shown significant antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and conflicting evidence suggests that dissociation induced by these drugs could be a clinical predictor of esketamine/ketamine's efficacy. Methods This study is a secondary analysis of data from a two-center, randomized, controlled trial. Participants were...
NeuropharmacologyMay 15, 2025Yazhou Wen, Jin Zhou, Huiling Yu et al.2 citations
Prenatal stress leads to postpartum depression and is associated with developmental issues in offspring. Esketamine quickly and effectively prevents or treats postpartum depression. However, the long-term effects of esketamine on progeny development are unknown. CRS during pregnancy was used to establish the postpartum depression animal model. After confirming pregnancy, all mice were randomly...
PharmaceuticalsMay 9, 2025Ilaria Ammendolia, Carmen Mannucci, Emanuela Esposito et al.2 citations
Background/Objective: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental disorder, with a significant portion of patients developing treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Esketamine is an antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor indicated as a nasal spray in combination with other antidepressants for adults with TRD. Signals of suspected adverse reactions (SARs) to esketamine from the...
Pharmacological management of major depressive disorder has traditionally relied on antidepressants targeting the monoaminergic pathway. Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) patients have been frequently excluded from registrational trials, resulting in a lack of clear clinical recommendations for an optimised management. In recent years, treatments based on other mechanisms of action have been...
MedicineMay 2, 2025Xiaobo Bi, Junchao Dai, Jin Li8 citations
This study aimed to investigate the effects of a single intravenous injection of esketamine during general anesthesia on postoperative anxiety and depression in patients with thyroid cancer. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial, eighty female patients with thyroid cancer were scheduled to undergo surgery under general anesthesia. The patients were randomly...
Depression is a common and serious psychiatric disorder with significant impacts on individuals. Modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) is an established treatment for severe and treatment-resistant depression, but its cognitive side effects, particularly memory impairments, limit its use. Esketamine (ESK), an FDA-approved antidepressant, has shown neuroprotective effects. However, its role...
The INTEGRATE study aimed to provide information on the use, effectiveness, and safety of esketamine nasal spray (ESK-NS) for the treatment of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in real-world practice in Spain. This was an observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study conducted in adults aged 18-74 years who met the criteria for TRD. The weekly impact of ESK-NS on depressive symptoms...