No direct evidence for lucid dreaming therapy as a broad therapeutic method was identified; limited studies suggest it is particularly effective in reducing nightmare frequency, but further research is needed.
World models enable agents to learn and plan in imagination, but predictions beyond their experience can become unreliable and mislead decisions. Existing uncertainty estimates derived from predictions can remain overconfident on unfamiliar state-action pairs. We propose the Lucid World Model (LucidWM), which learns doubt from experience and propagates trust through imagination. By integrating...
This study aimed to determine the rates, chronicity, and correlates of nightmares and insomnia, alone and in combination, in U.S. Army personnel at predeployment and postdeployment. Service members were assessed prior to (N = 3,952) and following (N = 1,762) a combat deployment between 2010 and 2016. Participants were categorized predeployment into nightmare and insomnia groups using the PTSD...
Frontiers in PsychologySeptember 28, 2026Andrea Signorelli, Francesco Tormen, Bruna Dal Bianco et al.
IntroductionLucid dreaming (LD) involves awareness of being in a dream during REM sleep and depends on the reactivation of metacognitive and reality-monitoring processes. This study tested whether a virtual reality (VR) intervention designed to rehearse lucid-dream-relevant metacognitive routines increases LD rates beyond baseline training, and whether generic VR exposure produces similar...
Preprint (not peer-reviewed). Version 1.0. Literature checked to 2026-09-27. Critical review of dream science covering neural correlates, dream reports versus experience, lucid-dream communication, memory and creativity claims, a causal-identification argument, and anomalous-information / precognition hypotheses. Main claim: existing evidence supports treating dreams as sleep-generated...
Dream reports exhibit reproducible organization at multiple scales. We analyzed >75,000 reports from four platforms: 30,241 reports by 5,524 Dreamseer users and ~45,000 from DreamBank, Reddit r/Dreams, and the Sleep and Dream Database. Within reports, emotional valence declined from beginning to end. Forward and reversed trajectories were distinguishable in all five corpus-language samples with...
Preprints.orgSeptember 21, 2026Xianqun Yi, Hongsheng Li
preprint
The convergence of generative artificial intelligence and brain-computer interface technology is pushing artificial dreaming from science fiction into the scope of academic inquiry. Existing research has focused primarily on technical implementation pathways and sensory fidelity goals; while fragmented ethical and risk warnings exist, there remains a lack of systematic assessment of the...
Gabapentin is widely prescribed for neuropathic and radicular pain syndromes. While somnolence and dizziness are well-recognized adverse effects, severe vivid nightmares may constitute an underreported psychiatric side effect that can significantly impair quality of life and treatment adherence. We present two cases of gabapentin-induced severe vivid nightmares in patients treated for spinal...
Objectives The study examined the psychometric properties of the Nightmare Distress Questionnaire (NDQ) in veterans with a provisional posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis and trauma-related nightmares.Method Participants were 659 Australian Defence Force veterans who completed online questionnaires for a larger study investigating military-civilian transition. Analyses included...
High-frequency EEG activity during sleep, reflecting cortical hyperarousal, has recently been incorporated into aetiology models of nightmares. However, its precise role remains insufficiently understood because experimental approaches to manipulate hyperarousal during sleep are limited. In the present study, we investigated whether re-presenting a relaxation-associated odour cue during sleep...