The effect of mindfulness-based mandala activity on anxiety and spiritual well-being levels of senior nursing students: A randomized controlled study.
Cigdem Sari Ozturk, Ebru Kilicarslan Toruner
Perspectives In Psychiatric Care July 3, 2022 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.13138 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Randomized controlled trial Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 170 |
| Population | Nursing students starting clinical practice after distance education during the COVID-19 period |
| Intervention | Mindfulness-based mandala activity |
| Duration | Three sessions |
| Measures | State-trait Anxiety Inventory, Spirituality Well-Being Scale, Scale of Positive and Negative Experience |
| Topics | Anxiety Meditation |
| Keywords | Education |
| Registration | NCT05053178 |
| Key findings | Across three mindfulness-based mandala sessions, the intervention group showed a significant decrease in anxiety compared with the control group, and between-group Spiritual Well-Being Scale scores changed significantly (p<0.05). The authors propose that mindfulness-based mandala activity can increase nursing students' well-being. |
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based mandala activity on the anxiety levels and spiritual well-being of nursing students who started clinical practice after distance education during COVID-19 period.
Design: AND METHODS This study is a randomized controlled study employing a pre-/posttest design with a single-blind, parallel group. The study was completed with a total of 170 participants (n = 84, intervention group; n = 86, control group). Data were collected using the Descriptive Characteristics Form, State-trait Anxiety Inventory, Spirituality Well-Being Scale, and Scale of Positive and Negative Experience. The intervention group participated in three mindfulness-based mandala sessions. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT05053178.
Findings: In three sessions, there was a significant decrease in the intervention group compared with the control group regarding the mean values of pretest and posttest anxiety levels. Evaluation of the mean scores Spiritual Well-Being Scale before and after the intervention showed a significant decrease in the scores between groups (p < 0.05). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS With mindfulness-based mandala activity, the well-being of nursing students can be increased.
Comparable studies
Other randomized controlled trials on anxiety, most cited first.
Citations in the library
Cited by 6
- Mindfulness-Based Art Interventions for Students: A Meta-Analysis Review of the Effect on Anxiety Behavioral Sciences August 7, 2025
- Effectiveness of Mindfulness on Student Anxiety and Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nursing & health sciences December 1, 2024
- Mindfulness-Based Interventions to Implement the Psychological Well-Being of Nursing Students: A Scoping Review. Healthcare January 4, 2026
- Effects of Mindfulness Therapy on Stress and Mindfulness Levels in Nursing Students: A Network Meta‐Analysis International Journal of Nursing Practice February 1, 2026
- Mindfulness in nursing education: an integrative review. BMC Nursing December 9, 2025
and 1 more in the library
Cites 4
- The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Mandala Coloring, Made in Nature, on Chronic Widespread Musculoskeletal Pain: Randomized Trial Healthcare May 28, 2021
- The Effects of Completing Mandalas on Mood, Anxiety, and State Mindfulness Art Therapy January 2, 2020
- Effectiveness of mindfulness-based colouring for test anxiety in adolescents School Psychology International June 1, 2018
- From a state to a trait: Trajectories of state mindfulness in meditation during intervention predict changes in trait mindfulness Personality and Individual Differences July 1, 2015