A Study Evaluating Mindfulness and Naikan-Based Therapy: AEON-HO for Attachment Style, Self-Actualization, and Depression
Chieko Fujisaki
Psychological Reports April 1, 2020 DOI: 10.1177/0033294118811106 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Pre-post intervention study Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 36 |
| Population | Adults with a mean age of 49 years (SD 3.9) |
| Duration | Eight-week program |
| Measures | Experiences in Close Relationships inventory–the generalized–other–version (ECR-GO), self-actualization scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale |
| Topics | Depression Meditation |
| Key points | In 36 adults completing an eight-week AEON-HO program combining Naikan therapy and mindfulness, attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, and depressive state changed from pretest to posttest, while self-actualization did not change significantly. Attachment anxiety correlated negatively with self-actualization at both time points, and attachment avoidance correlated negatively with self-actualization only at pretest. |
Abstract
AEON-HO (Altering emotional organization-holistic operation) contains methods of Naikan therapy and mindfulness. Naikan and mindfulness are originally from Buddhism tradition, and they have a high affinity. AEON-HO was conceptualized to improve attachment issues and the growth of self-actualization, because Naikan and mindfulness are known to be effective for attachment issues but partially if they are used independently. Naikan can approach to attachment avoidance, while mindfulness can approach to attachment anxiety. The primary purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of AEON-HO on attachment styles, self-actualization, and depression by using “attachment style scale the Experiences in Close Relationships inventory–the generalized–other–version (ECR-GO),” “self-actualization scale” translated to Japanese, and “center for epidemiologic studies for depression scale.” Participants have taken these three psychological questionnaires before and after the eight-week program of AEON-HO, and the results of scales were compared. Participants were 36 adults with a mean age of 49 years ( SD = 3.9). Changes in two attachment styles, anxiety and avoidance and depressive state, were observed between pre- and posttest, while there were no significant changes in self-actualization. However, attachment anxiety and self-actualization were correlated negatively in pre- and posttest, while attachment avoidance and self-actualization were correlated negatively only in pretest.
Comparable studies
Other non-randomized and open-label trials on depression, most cited first.
Citations in the library
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and 3 more in the library