Cerebrospinal Fluid Serotonin level as Biomarker for Neurotoxicity after 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)
Fatin H. Zakaria, Samhani Ismail, N.M.J Khadijah
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology August 30, 2022 DOI: 10.52711/0974-360x.2022.00637 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstractAbstract
A persistent 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) exposure may disrupt the human body serotonergic system which subsequently leads to physical and psychiatric chaos. Serotonin, a well-known monoamine neurotransmitter which is the main target of MDMA can be found in cerebrospinal (CSF) fluid. Its variation reflects the severity of neuronal damage caused by MDMA exposure. Hence, this article aimed to review the potential of serotonin as biomarker for neuronal damage posed by MDMA. Articles from main databases including PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were analysed and its information about serotonin variation in cerebrospinal fluid in response to MDMA exposure were extracted. MDMA is affine to serotonergic system, and can represents as a change in the level of serotonin in the CSF. It provides critical information about underlying mechanisms of neuronal damage from neurotoxicity, neurodegenerative process, excitotoxicity and hallucination due to MDMA exposure. Since serotonin variation in the CSF reflects the severity of neuronal damages, serotonin is potentially be used as an early indicator to assess neural injury caused by MDMA that plays an important role in intervention purpose. Serotonin variation in the CSF reflects the severity of neuronal damages. Its variation in CSF can be used as a biomarker for assessing neuronal damage following MDMA exposure.
Comparable studies
Other narrative reviews on MDMA, most cited first.
| Study | Year | Design | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Human Pharmacology of MDMA | 2004 | Review | |
| Human psychopharmacology of Ecstasy (MDMA): a review of 15 years of empirical research | 2001 | Review | |
| 3,4‐Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “Ecstasy”): pharmacology and toxicology in animals and humans | 1994 | Review | |
| (±)3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (‘Ecstasy’)-Induced Serotonin Neurotoxicity: Studies in Animals | 2000 | Review | |
| Amphetamine toxicities | 2010 | Review |
Citations in the library
Cites 10
- Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) cause selective ablation of serotonergic axon terminals in forebrain: immunocytochemical evidence for neurotoxicity Journal of Neuroscience August 1, 1988
- The molecular mechanism of "ecstasy" [3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA)]: serotonin transporters are targets for MDMA-induced serotonin release. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences March 1, 1992
- Carrier‐Mediated Release of Serotonin by 3,4‐Methylenedioxymethamphetamine: Implications for Serotonin‐Dopamine Interactions Journal of Neurochemistry 1996
- Neurotoxicity of Methamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine Life Science July 24, 2013
- Neurotoxicity of drugs of abuse - the case of methylenedioxy amphetamines (MDMA, ecstasy ), and amphetamines Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience September 30, 2009
and 5 more in the library