Triple Network Model Dynamically Revisited: Lower Salience Network State Switching in Pre-psychosis
Thomas A. W. Bolton, Diana Wotruba, Roman Buechler, Anastasia Theodoridou, Lars Michels, Spyros Kollias, Wulf Rössler, Karsten Heekeren, Dimitri van de Ville
Frontiers in Physiology February 11, 2020 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00066 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Observational cohort Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 76 |
| Population | Individuals at risk for psychosis (UHR and BS groups) and healthy controls |
| Topics | Default mode network |
| Keywords | Psychosis Insula Resting State FMRI Subclinical infection Salience neuroscience Schizophrenia object-oriented programming Audiology |
| Citations | 83 |
| Key findings | Dysfunctional right anterior insula governance of central executive-to-default mode network transitions occurs before psychosis onset, particularly in those with subthreshold psychotic symptoms, and is marked by prolonged insula-default mode co-activation and loss of network competition. |
Abstract
Emerging evidence has attributed altered network coordination between the default mode, central executive, and salience networks (DMN/CEN/SAL) to disturbances seen in schizophrenia, but little is known for at-risk psychosis stages. Moreover, pinpointing impairments in specific network-to-network interactions, although essential to resolve possibly distinct harbingers of conversion to clinically diagnosed schizophrenia, remains particularly challenging. We addressed this by a dynamic approach to functional connectivity, where right anterior insula brain interactions were examined through co-activation pattern (CAP) analysis. We utilized resting-state fMRI in 19 subjects suffering from subthreshold delusions and hallucinations (UHR), 28 at-risk for psychosis with basic symptoms describing only self-experienced subclinical disturbances (BS), and 29 healthy controls (CTR) matched for age, gender, handedness, and intelligence. We extracted the most recurring CAPs, compared their relative occurrence and average dwell time to probe their temporal expression, and quantified occurrence balance to assess the putative loss of competing relationships. Our findings substantiate the pivotal role of the right anterior insula in governing CEN-to-DMN transitions, which appear dysfunctional prior to the onset of psychosis, especially when first attenuated psychotic symptoms occur. In UHR subjects, it is longer active in concert with the DMN and there is a loss of competition between a SAL/DMN state, and a state with insula/CEN activation paralleled by DMN deactivation. These features suggest that abnormal network switching disrupts one's capacity to distinguish between the internal world and external environment, which is accompanied by inflexibility and an excessive awareness to internal processes reflected by prolonged expression of the right anterior insula-default mode co-activation pattern.
Comparable studies
Other observational and cohort studies on default mode network, most cited first.
| Study | Year | Design | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| A default mode of brain function Normal adult human brain | 2001 | Observational study | |
| Resting-State Functional Connectivity Reflects Structural Connectivity in the Default Mode Network Healthy subjects | 2008 | Observational cohort | |
| Meditation experience is associated with increased cortical thickness Participants with extensive Insight meditation experience and matched controls | 2005 | Observational cohort | n = 20 |
| Meditation experience is associated with differences in default mode network activity and connectivity Experienced meditators and matched meditation-naive controls | 2011 | Observational cohort | |
| The precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex plays a pivotal role in the default mode network: Evidence from a partial correlation network analysis Healthy subjects | 2008 | Observational study |
Citations in the library
Cited by 11
- Hallucinations Under Psychedelics and in the Schizophrenia Spectrum: An Interdisciplinary and Multiscale Comparison Schizophrenia Bulletin August 5, 2020
- Neural Mechanisms and Psychology of Psychedelic Ego Dissolution Pharmacological Reviews September 9, 2022
- Effective Connectivity of Functionally Anticorrelated Networks Under Lysergic Acid Diethylamide. Biological Psychiatry February 1, 2023
- A working model of neural activity and phenomenal experience in psychosis. Molecular Psychiatry December 1, 2024
- Kinesthesia and Temporal Experience: On the 'Knitting and Unknitting' Process of Bodily Subjectivity in Schizophrenia. Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) November 7, 2022
and 6 more in the library
Cites 8
- Default Mode Network Activity and Connectivity in Psychopathology Annual Review of Clinical Psychology March 29, 2012
- The default-mode, ego-functions and free-energy: a neurobiological account of Freudian ideas Brain February 28, 2010
- Finding the self by losing the self: Neural correlates of ego-dissolution under psilocybin Human Brain Mapping May 22, 2015
- Functional Connectivity Measures After Psilocybin Inform a Novel Hypothesis of Early Psychosis Schizophrenia Bulletin October 6, 2012
- Escaping the here and now: Evidence for a role of the default mode network in perceptually decoupled thought Neuroimage December 20, 2012
and 3 more in the library