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A Review on Research and Evaluation Methods for Investigating Self-Transcendence.

Alexandra Kitson, Alice Chirico, Andrea Gaggioli, Bernhard E. Riecke

Frontiers in Psychology 2020 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.547687 (opens in new tab)

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Characteristics Review Qualitative Peer reviewed
Topics Meditation
Keywords Emotional experiences Flow Neurophenomenolgy Peak experiences Research methods Self-transcendence
Key findings No prior review has systematically described, contrasted, and evaluated the different methodological approaches toward measuring self-transcendence, including questionnaires, neurological and physiological measures, and qualitative methods.

Abstract

Self-transcendence has been characterized as a decrease in self-saliency (ego disillusionment) and increased connection, and has been growing in research interest in the past decade. Several measures have been developed and published with some degree of psychometric validity and reliability. However, to date, there has been no review systematically describing, contrasting, and evaluating the different methodological approaches toward measuring self-transcendence including questionnaires, neurological and physiological measures, and qualitative methods. To address this gap, we conducted a review to describe existing methods of measuring self-transcendence, evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of these methods, and discuss research avenues to advance assessment of self-transcendence, including recommendations for suitability of methods given research contexts.

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