Pharmepéna-Psychonautics: Human intranasal, sublingual and oral pharmacology of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyl-tryptamine.
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 2001 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2001.10399925 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Review Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Interventions | 5-MeO-DMT harmaline harmine |
| Topics | 5-MeO-DMT |
| Keywords | Psychedelics: 5-MEO-DMT Beta-carbolines Psychoactive compounds Hallucinogens Entheogens Mind-altering substances Potent compounds Ethnopharmacology: shamanic wisdom Traditional practices Ancient wisdom Ethnobotany Indigenous medicine Traditional medicine Pharmacology: drug interaction Drug synergy Potentiation Routes of administration Drug enhancement Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics Self-experiments Human studies Hypothesis testing Empirical evidence Clinical research |
| Citations | 106 |
| Key findings | Intranasal, sublingual, and oral psychoactivity of 5-MeO-DMT and the potentiation of intranasal tryptamines by MAOI beta-carbolines were confirmed in about 17 psychonautic bioassays. |
Abstract
Summarized are psychonautic bioassays (human self-experiments) of pharmepéna--crystalline 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT; O-Me-bufotenine), at times combined with crystalline beta-carbolines (harmaline or harmine). These substances were administered via intranasal, sublingual and oral routes, by way of pharmacological modeling of diverse South American shamanic inebriants (principally the snuffs epéna/nyakwana, prepared from barks of diverse species of Virola.) Intranasal, sublingual and oral psychoactivity of 5-MeO-DMT, and the 1967 Holmstedt-Lindgren hypothesis of the paricá-effect--intranasal potentiation of tryptamines by concomitant administration of monoamine-oxidase-inhibiting (MAOI) beta-carbolines from stems of Banisteriopsis caapi admixed with the snuffs--have been confirmed by some 17 psychonautic bioassays. Salient phytochemical and psychonautic literature is reviewed.