Imagination Cognition and Personality
September 1, 1994
Thomas Natsoulas
9 citations
Quite naturally, Imagination, Cognition and Personality is the literal context of the present series of articles, which aims to examine what is known and knowledgeably held about the nature and character of the referents of William James's concept of the stream of consciousness. The sixth and seventh installments focus on selected relevant interpretations and facts from Imagination, Cognition...
Imagination Cognition and Personality
June 1, 1994
Thomas Natsoulas
17 citations
This is the fifth in a series of articles that compile and critically spell out what is known or knowledgeably held about the stream of consciousness. Discussed here are two aspects of James's conception: 1) the kind of mental-occurrence instance that is the stream's basic durational component, and 2) the change in James's explicit account of the temporal structure of the stream, from The...
Imagination Cognition and Personality
March 1, 1994
Thomas Natsoulas
11 citations
I devote most of the present article, which is the fourth in a series concerning the nature and characteristics of William James's stream of consciousness, to an examination of Adolf Grünbaum's case for the stream's atomicity. For this purpose, I use the lens provided by the objection that auditory perceptual experience of a continuous sound of unchanging pitch does not exhibit a discrete,...
Imagination Cognition and Personality
March 1, 1994
Why is it that raters differ in their assessment of subjective experience? Assuming that the rater's personal involvement or experience with the subject matter would determine the location of a diagnostic threshold, individual differences in rating would be indexed by the former. In this study, independent judges were asked to assess introspective reports for the appearance of an altered state...
Imagination Cognition and Personality
September 1, 1992
The article presents a comprehensive review of literature on the occurrence of altered states of consciousness. Only few studies directly aim at the estimation of occurrences of altered states of consciousness, therefore indirect studies are also included. They present data on the frequency, in normal populations, of such phenomena as: hallucinations, peak experiences, mystical states,...
Imagination Cognition and Personality
March 1, 1992
Glenn Livingston, Ross Levin
2 citations
Replication of Livingston and Levin's [1] factor analysis of Domino's [2] Questionnaire About Dreams was attempted utilizing a population of 106 graduate students screened for adequate dream recall. Results indicated that the questionnaire produced two dominant factors roughly corresponding to educated and mystical beliefs regarding dream origin. Although the items which comprised these factors...
Imagination Cognition and Personality
June 1, 1991
Andrzej Kokoszka
12 citations
A rationale for a multileveled description of states of consciousness is presented, as a continuation of an integrated model of the main states of consciousness. The previous model described and distinguished four main states of consciousness: ordinary waking states of consciousness, differentiated waking states of consciousness, REM sleep, and non-REM sleep. These are considered now in a...
Imagination Cognition and Personality
June 1, 1991
The conventional paradigm for understanding dreams is to divide human experience into two realms: the sleep state in which dream thought appears and the waking state in which conscious thought appears. The study of lucid dreaming during the sleep state has challenged this dichotomy from the sleep component. Lucid dreaming can have conscious thought and control. The present report describes an...
Imagination Cognition and Personality
September 1, 1990
Veronica K. Tonay
28 citations
This study investigates the influence of sub-cultural membership on women's dream content, and time trends in dreaming over the past forty years. Dream series anonymously collected from 100 women attending the University of California, Berkeley, were scored for characters, emotions, setting, aggression, friendliness and sexuality. Each subject voluntarily reported five consecutive dreams on...
Imagination Cognition and Personality
March 1, 1990
Harvey I. Botman, Herbert F. Crovitz
30 citations
Two experiments investigated autobiographical memory by studying dream reports. The continuity of autobiographical memory in the waking state and in sleep was demonstrated via Crovitz and Schiffman's retention function. The retention function was found to hold for vivid memories of dreams and vivid memories of waking experiences. It was also found to hold for waking events referenced in dream...
Imagination Cognition and Personality
October 1, 1989
Harvey I. Botman, Herbert F. Crovitz
10 citations
Three experiments investigated dream reports from the previous night. The major hypothesis tested was that the reportage of dreams could be facilitated with cues. Three different types of cues were examined: semantic cues related to the themes of dreams, event cues related to experiences from the day before the dream, and color-names. On the whole, cuing increased the reportage of dreams beyond...
Imagination Cognition and Personality
September 1, 1989
James M. Wood, David S. Sebba, George Domino
28 citations
An attempt was made to replicate earlier studies which have found a relation between waking creativity and dream bizarreness. Two-week dream diaries were collected from 126 undergraduates and the dreams scored for bizarreness using Auld's Primary Process Scale and Kluger's Everydayness Scale. Subjects were also administered four commonly used tests of creativity as well as a test of vocabulary...
Imagination Cognition and Personality
September 1, 1989
Corrado Cavallero, Vincenzo Natale
5 citations
Thirty-six mentation reports (24 dream reports and 12 simulated dream reports) were provided by six subjects during experimental sessions. Dream reports were collected upon REM and Sleep Onset experimental awakenings. Artificial reports were obtained by asking the subject: “Try to invent a dream and tell me it as you go along.” To detect differences between the two types of reports, comparisons...
Imagination Cognition and Personality
September 1, 1985
Jayne Gackenbach
7 citations
This article reviews several considerations to be taken by the potential lucid dream researcher or lucid dreamer when attempting to increase the frequency of dreaming lucidly (i.e., consciousness awareness of dreaming while the dream is ongoing). Attempts to induce lucidity have been made both prior to falling asleep and while sleeping. Methods showing promise include, the administration of...
Imagination Cognition and Personality
March 1, 1985
Steven Starker
23 citations
College students were administered an abbreviated form of the Imaginal Processes Inventory along with scales of sleep disturbance, positive mood, and dream recall. Results confirmed the earlier report by Starker and Hasenfeld that sleep disturbances were significantly associated with dysphoric patterns of daydreaming, and not associated with a positive daydreaming pattern. Correlational,...
Imagination Cognition and Personality
October 1, 1983
Thomas B. Posey, Mary E. Losch
253 citations
Jaynes' elaborate theory of the evolution of human consciousness speculates that unconscious language use by the right hemisphere produced frequent auditory hallucinations in primitive people [1]. Jaynes offers some explanation as to why hearing voices would now be less common. It is parsimonious, however, to predict that hearing voices is still common, although usually unreported, in the...
Imagination Cognition and Personality
September 1, 1983
Alan Leboeuf, Patricia McKay, Keith Clarke
5 citations
A previous investigation by Van Nuy's suggested that individuals who typically make left eye movements when reflecting upon thought-provoking questions tended to report higher dream recall than right movers. The present study was designed to reappraise this relationship and also to investigate whether there are qualitative differences in the dream content of left and right movers. Subjects in...
Imagination Cognition and Personality
June 1, 1983
Daniel Brown, Michael Forte, Philip Rich et al.
20 citations
A survey of 122 subjects was conducted to investigate the differences in the phenomenological quality of the experiences engendered by three types of awareness discipline: self-hypnosis (21 subjects), waking dreaming (49 subjects) and mindfulness meditation (25 subjects from a 2-week retreat, and another group of twenty-seven subjects from a 2-day weekend retreat). A questionnaire, the Profile...