Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology
June 7, 2025
Simon A Beck, Caine Barlow, Liam Engel et al.
4 citations
Psilocybin-containing mushrooms have long been used for their psychoactive effects, but emerging evidence suggests that certain lignicolous ("wood-loving") species may also induce a distinct toxidrome known as "wood-lover paralysis" (WLP). WLP is characterised by transient weakness following mushroom ingestion, but its aetiology and prevalence remain poorly understood. In this paper, we present...
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology
October 1, 2024
Renato Pinto de Sousa, Carlos Mario Freitas de Oliveira, Rita de Cassia de Lima Sousa et al.
6 citations
Mimosa tenuiflora (Fabaceae) is popularly known in Brazil as "Jurema preta". From the bark of its root, "jurema wine" is obtained, a psychedelic drink used in Indigenous religious rituals in Northeastern Brazil. This work aimed to investigate the chemical composition and acute oral toxicity of the ethanolic extract of the root bark from M. tenuiflora (EEMt). EEMt was analyzed by UPLC-QToF-MS/MS...
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology
September 15, 2016
Vid Leban, Gordana Koželj, Miran Brvar
In Europe body purification and natural balance restoring rituals are becoming increasingly popular, but an introduction of Amazonian shamanic rituals in urban Europe can result in unexpected adverse events. A 44-year-old woman attended a Kambô or Sapo ritual in Slovenia where dried skin secretion from a giant leaf frog (Phyllomedusa bicolor) was applied to five freshly burned wounds at her...
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology
November 1, 2014
Andreja Vendramin, Miran Brvar
Amanita muscaria contains more excitatory ibotenic acid and less depressant muscimol compared to Amanita pantherina. In this study A. muscaria poisoned patients were more often confused (26/32, p = 0.01) and agitated (20/32, p = 0.03) compared to those poisoned with A. pantherina (8/17 and 5/17). Patients poisoned with A. pantherina were more commonly comatose (5/17) compared to those poisoned...
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology
September 15, 2005
T O G Costa, R A V Morales, J P Brito et al.
16 citations
Bufotenin (5-hydroxy-N,N-dimetyltryptamine) is a tryptamine alkaloid widely spread among anuran families as a component of their chemical defense system, acting as a potent hallucinogenic factor, showing similar activity to LSD upon interaction with the 5HT2 human receptor. This work demonstrates the presence of bufotenin in the skin secretion of three arboreal amphibian species of the...
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology
June 1, 2005
Leszek Satora, Dorota Pach, Beata Butryn et al.
79 citations
Gathering and eating mushrooms and other plants containing psychoactive substances has become increasingly popular among young people experimenting with drugs. Dried fly agaric Amanita muscaria fruiting bodies were eaten by five young persons (18-21 years of age) at a party in order to evoke hallucinations. Visual and auditory hallucinations occurred in four of them, whereas a 18-year-old girl...
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology
September 15, 2004
E A Carlini
This review analyses the therapeutic usefulness of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol and its potential to induce adverse reactions on humans. During the last 30 years an enormous amount of research was carried out resulting in the disclosure of the cannabinoid system in Central Nervous System, with its CB(1) and CB(2) receptors, and the agonist anandamide. Under the clinical point of view,...
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology
2001
Karen K. Szumlinski, Isabelle M Maisonneuve, Stanley D Glick
9 citations
Currently, no effective therapy has been approved for the treatment of addiction to stimulant drugs (e.g., cocaine, amphetamine and its methylated derivatives). However, preclinical studies indicate that the naturally-occurring indole alkaloid, ibogaine, and a synthetic iboga alkaloid congener, 18-methoxycoronaridine (18-MC), attenuate stimulant self-administration in laboratory animals. The in...