Metabolism Is Required for the Expression of Ecstasy-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Vitro
Chemical Research in Toxicology April 27, 2004 Márcia Carvalho, Fernando Remião, Nuno Milhazes et al. 77 citations
Cardiovascular complications associated with 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) abuse have increasingly been reported. The indirect effect of MDMA mediated by a sustained high level of circulating biogenic amines may contribute to the cardiotoxic effects, but other factors, like the direct toxic effects of MDMA and its metabolites in cardiac cells, remain to be investigated....