Metabolites
July 27, 2020
Andrea E. Steuer, Daria Kaelin, Martina I. Boxler et al.
32 citations
Psychoactive stimulants are a popular drug class which are used recreationally. Over the last decade, large numbers of new psychoactive substances (NPS) have entered the drug market and these pose a worldwide problem to human health. Metabolomics approaches are useful tools for simultaneous detection of endogenous metabolites affected by drug use. They allow identification of pathways or...
edoc (University of Basel)
2020
Patrick Vizeli
Psychoactive substances such as the ring substituted phenylethylamine 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; “ecstasy”) are widely used in recreational settings. Additionally, recent research highlights substance-assisted psychotherapy as potential new effective treatment for various psychiatric disorders, e.g. post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). MDMA releases and inhibits the uptake of...
Neuropsychopharmacology
November 16, 2019
Friederike Holze, Patrick Vizeli, Felix Müller et al.
250 citations
Abstract Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a classic psychedelic, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is an empathogen, and d -amphetamine is a classic stimulant. All three substances are used recreationally. LSD and MDMA are being investigated as medications to assist psychotherapy, and d -amphetamine is used for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. All three...
Frontiers in Psychiatry
October 24, 2019
Patrick Vizeli, Matthias E. Liechti
9 citations
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) is a recreational substance also investigated as medication for posttraumatic stress disorder. Dopamine (DA) system stimulation likely contributes to the acute mood effects of amphetamines, including MDMA. Genetic variants, such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and polymorphic regions of the DA system genes may in part explain...
PLoS One
April 13, 2019
Patrick Vizeli, Matthias E. Liechti
37 citations
Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) increases oxytocin, empathy, and prosociality. Oxytocin plays a critical role in emotion processing and social behavior and has been shown to mediate the prosocial effects of MDMA in animals. Genetic variants, such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), of the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) may influence the emotional and social effects of MDMA in humans. The...
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
March 19, 2019
Friederike Holze, Urs Duthaler, Patrick Vizeli et al.
72 citations
Aims The aim of the present study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics and exposure–subjective response relationship of a novel oral solution of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) that was developed for clinical use in research and patients. Method LSD (100 μg) was administered in 27 healthy subjects using a placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, cross‐over design. Plasma levels of LSD, nor‐LSD,...
ACS Chemical Neuroscience
December 27, 2018
Patrick Vizeli, Henriette E. Meyer zu Schwabedissen, Matthias E. Liechti
13 citations
Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; ecstasy) is used recreationally and has been investigated as an adjunct to psychotherapy. Most acute effects of MDMA can be attributed to activation of the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) system. Genetic variants, such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and polymorphic regions in 5-HT system genes, may contribute to interindividual differences...
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
December 2, 2017
Patrick Vizeli, Henriette E. Meyer zu Schwabedissen, Matthias E. Liechti
15 citations
Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) is used recreationally and frequently leads to sympathomimetic toxicity. MDMA produces cardiovascular and subjective stimulant effects that were shown to partially depend on the norepinephrine transporter (NET)-mediated release of norepinephrine and stimulation of α 1 -adrenergic receptors. Genetic variants, such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms...
European Neuropsychopharmacology
March 2017
Patrick Vizeli, Yasmin Schmid, Katharina Prestin et al.
In vitro studies showed that CYP2C19, CYP2B6, and CYP1A2 contribute to the metabolism of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) to 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA). However, the role of genetic polymorphisms in CYP2C19, CYP2B6, and CYP1A2 in the metabolism of MDMA in humans is unknown. The effects of genetic variants in these CYP enzymes on the pharmacokinetics and...
Journal of Psychopharmacology
February 21, 2017
Patrick Vizeli, Matthias E. Liechti
142 citations
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; ecstasy) is being investigated in MDMA-assisted psychotherapy. The present study characterized the safety pharmacology of single-dose administrations of MDMA (75 or 125 mg) using data from nine double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover studies performed in the same laboratory in a total of 166 healthy subjects. The duration of the subjective effects...
Pharmacogenetics and Genomics
June 2, 2016
Yasmin Schmid, Patrick Vizeli, Cédric M. Hysek et al.
52 citations
The role of genetic polymorphisms in cytochrome (CYP) 2D6 involved in the metabolism of 3,4-methylene-dioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) is unclear. Effects of genetic variants in CYP2D6 on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic effects of MDMA were characterized in 139 healthy individuals (70 men, 69 women) in a pooled analysis of eight double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover studies....
Parsa Yousefi, Kenneth Shinozuka, Patrick Vizeli et al.
Psychoactive drugs profoundly alter consciousness, but the neural mechanisms by which they do so remain poorly understood. Global workspace theory may provide a framework for investigating these mechanisms. The global workspace, a candidate neural substrate of consciousness, is a set of brain regions that integrate and disseminate information to the rest of the brain. According to a recent...