Human psychopharmacology
May 2026
Juan Miguel Riestra, Yaxel Levin-Carrion, Roshan Sutar et al.
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a formidable challenge in psychiatry, with nearly one-third of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) failing to respond adequately to first-line pharmacological treatments. Pathophysiology in MDD has highlighted the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamatergic system as a promising therapeutic target. In 2022, the US Food and Drug Administration...
Psychiatry Research
July 26, 2025
Giacomo D’andrea, Clara Cavallotto, Mauro Pettorruso et al.
16 citations
INTRODUCTION Anhedonia, defined as the diminished ability to experience or anticipate pleasure, is a core symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar depression (BD), and associated with depression severity, suicidality and poor treatment outcomes. Conventional antidepressants demonstrate limited efficacy against anhedonia. Esketamine nasal spray (ESK-NS) - a novel NMDA receptor...
Journal of Personalized Medicine
April 1, 2025
Marco Di, M. Pepe, Giacomo D’andrea et al.
18 citations
Background. Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a prevalent, high-burden disorder. Esketamine nasal spray (ESK-NS) has been approved for, T.R.D.; and efficacy has been observed in both clinical trials and real-world studies. However, observations integrating patients’ perspective on this treatment are limited. This multicentric Italian study explored experiences with ESK-NS in TRD patients,...
Current Neuropharmacology
2025
Gianluca Rosso, Giacomo d'Andrea, Stefano Barlati et al.
23 citations
Data on long-term treatment with Esketamine Nasal Spray (ESKNS) in real-world patients with treatment resistant depression (TRD) is scarce. The primary aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of ESK-NS treatment at 6 and 12-month follow-ups. This is part of an observational, retrospective, multicentric Italian study (REAL-ESK study). Subjects for the present study...
Journal of Affective Disorders
December 15, 2024
Giacomo d'Andrea, Andrea Miuli, Mauro Pettorruso et al.
6 citations
Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) affects almost 30 % of patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Esketamine Nasal Spray (ESK-NS) has recently been approved for TRD in combination with a Serotonin Specific Reuptake Inhibitor/SSRI or a Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor/SNRI. There is a lack of studies investigating the effectiveness and safety of ESK-NS in combination with...