Insomnia and anxiety frequently co-occur with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). This study examined short-term changes in depression, anxiety, and insomnia symptoms post-ketamine in TRD and their inter-relationships. Seventy-one patients with TRD were assessed at baseline and 24 h after intravenous ketamine (0.5 mg/kg). Depression, anxiety, and insomnia were measured using the...
Slow-wave activity (SWA), a key indicator of sleep homeostasis, is often diminished in individuals with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Ketamine, a rapid-acting antidepressant, increases SWA during the first period of non-rapid eye movement (NREM1) sleep. However, research into how ketamine affects sleep and its connection to treatment outcomes in TRD has been limited by small sample...
Abnormalities during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep contribute to the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), but few studies have explored the relationship between REM sleep and treatment-resistant depression (TRD). In MDD, REM sleep abnormalities often manifest as alterations in total night REM Density (RD), RD in the first REM period (RD1), and REM Latency (RL). Among these, RD1...