Studying visual consciousness in animals has provided important insights into its neural mechanisms, due to the availability of precise neural recording and perturbation techniques. On one hand, animals can serve as models to understand the neural underpinnings of visual consciousness and its disorders in humans. On the other hand, investigating the presence of consciousness and comparing...
Acute injections of ketamine lead to rapid but transient antidepressant effects. Chronic oral treatment at low doses, a promising non-invasive alternative, may prolong this therapeutic effect. Here, we examine the antidepressant effects of chronic oral ketamine in rats under chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), and reveal their neuronal correlates. Male Wistar rats were divided into...