The purpose of this paper is to mathematically define cords of consciousness (CoC) and consciousness by the act of brain neural patterns, wherein neutral patterns represent synchronized groups of neurons. The outcome of neural patterns represents cords of consciousness. Conversely, the cords of consciousness exhibit neural patterns. Cords of consciousness represent the space of information...
This article looks at the group approach to shared dreams following previous publications, including Dreams In Group Psychotherapy: Theory and Technique (Neri et al. 2002) and further papers1, and a natural extension to a 2022 publication (Friedman, 2022). One innovative perspective is the notion that it is often a ‘collective preoccupation’ which starts a group’s shared elaboration process...
Sleepwalking and related parasomnias result from incomplete awakenings out of non-rapid eye movement sleep. Behavioral episodes can occur without consciousness or recollection, or in relation to dream-like experiences. To understand what accounts for these differences in consciousness and recall, here we recorded parasomnia episodes with high-density electroencephalography (EEG) and interviewed...
ABSTRACT The author proposes ways of rethinking the concepts of the unconscious and time in the analytic setting, including the very existence of the unconscious. Freud (1915) stated that the success psychoanalytic thinking has in making inferences about the patient’s unconscious makes the existence of the unconscious “incontrovertible.” The author submits that this success does not establish...
Perceptual reality monitoring refers to the ability to distinguish internally triggered imagination from externally triggered reality. Such monitoring can take place at perceptual or cognitive levels-for example, in lucid dreaming, perceptual experience feels real but is accompanied by a cognitive insight that it is not real. We recently developed a paradigm to reveal perceptual reality...
Summary Sleep is a universal, essential biological process. It is also an invaluable window on consciousness. It tells us that consciousness can be lost, but also that it can be regained, in all its richness, when we are disconnected from the environment and unable to reflect By considering neurophysiological differences between dreaming and dreamless sleep, we can learn about the substrate of...
Spontaneous thoughts, such as dreaming and mind wandering, constitute a significant portion of human consciousness. Yet, the precise phenomenological and content-related similarities and differences between dreaming and waking mind wandering remain insufficiently understood. In this study, we address this gap by comparing 340 dreaming and mind wandering questionnaires that depending on the...
According to the continuity hypothesis, dreams reflect waking life experiences. Metacognition, the awareness of one’s thought processes, is minimal during typical dreaming but is assumed to be greater during lucid dreams, when the dreamer is aware they are dreaming and can sometimes control dream content. Therefore, one hypothesis is that lucid dreams may be more continuous with waking life...
Abstract Introduction We report the electroencephalography (EEG) changes observed in a case of sleep paralysis. Methods We present the case of a 15-year-old boy with recurrent isolated sleep paralysis. As part of the diagnostic evaluation, the patient underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG) and subsequently, a multiple sleep latency test (MSLT). During the MSLT, the patient experienced sleep...
The Word, as the creative principle of life, is a concept found in many cultures, from the Hebraic to the Uitotos (or Murui) of the Colombian Amazon. The author finds parallels between the immersion of Joyce´s Finnegans Wake in the Word as the key to unlocking different but interrelated dimensions of reality, and the cosmo-vision of the Murui. Finnegans Wake presents a panoptic view of...