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Sleep Science February 21, 2019 Ashutosh Kumar Singh, Dhyuti Gupta
Wakefulness involves diffuse activation of cerebral cortex through Ascending Reticular Activating System (RAS), which connects midbrain and pons to cortex through the thalamus and hypothalamus. RAS is primarily composed of the pedunculopontine tegmentum (PPT) & laterodorsal tegmentum (LDT) of pons, locus coeruleus nucleus (LC) and dorsal raphe nucleus (RN) which involves all classic...
International Journal of Arts February 1, 2019 Mark Lipton
Within Stalin's regime, elements of mythical idealism run parallel, though somewhat invisibly, to those of dialectical materialism in the modes of cultural production. It is especially difficult to pinpoint these elements, for they lie in a world opposed to the scientific and thus must be regarded in part as illusory. Yet this illusory spirit constantly marks Russia's history and therefore I...
Archives of Clinical Psychiatry February 1, 2019 Everton de Oliveira Maraldi
Dissociative experiences are common in the general population, with about one-third of individuals reporting at least one dissociative symptom1,2. The etiology of dissociation (especially of its more pathological expressions) has been primarily considered in terms of childhood trauma, but critiques of the trauma model also point the need of considering cognitive, psychopathological and...
Sleep Medicine Reviews February 1, 2019 Peter Fazekas, Georgina Nemeth, Morten Overgaard
Reports of white dreams, the feeling of having had a dream experience without being able to specify this experience any further, make up almost one third of all dream reports, yet this phenomenon-until very recently-had not yet been in the focus of targeted investigations. White dreams are typically interpreted as forgotten dreams, and are sidelined as not being particularly informative with...
Frontiers in Psychology January 30, 2019
Consciousness is a global activity of the nervous system. Its physiological and pathological mechanisms have been studied in relation to the natural sleep-wake cycle and various forms of normal or morbid unconsciousness, mainly in neurophysiology and clinical neurology. Neuropsychology has been more interested in specific higher brain functions, such as perception and memory and their...
Advances in Psychology, Mental Health, and Behavioral Studies 2019 S. Schafer
We live in a world not of science but of science fiction. Like pixel patterns from unconscious software is projected onto a monitor, unconscious archetypal quantum patterns are projected as what Carl Jung called archetypal representation (AR). Projected images are then subject to the vagaries of personal perception, so it may be stipulated that no absolute reality exists for humans. Rather,...
Handbook of Sleep Research 2019 Benjamin Baird, Daniel Erlacher, Michael Czisch et al.
Abstract Conscious experience varies considerably, not only between wakefulness and sleep but also within sleep. Consciousness during sleep can be rich and vivid in its perceptual content but is typically poor in self-reflective consciousness/meta-consciousness. A notable exception is lucid dreaming: the phenomenon of becoming aware that one is dreaming while continuing to dream during ongoing...
Telangana Journal of Psychiatry 2019 Avinash De Sousa, Pragya Lodha
This brief clinical review summarizes the literature on sleep paralysis most relevant to clinicians. Sleep paralysis is a condition where the sufferer awakens to rapid eye movement sleep based atonia, combined with conscious awareness. This is a frightening event accompanied by vivid, waking dreams and hallucinations. Sleep paralysis occurring independent of narcolepsy and other medical...
Frontiers in Psychology 2019 Serena Scarpelli, Chiara Bartolacci, Aurora D'Atri et al.
Dream experience (DE) represents a fascinating condition linked to emotional processes and the human inner world. Although the overlap between REM sleep and dreaming has been overcome, several studies point out that emotional and perceptually vivid contents are more frequent when reported upon awakenings from this sleep stage. Actually, it is well-known that REM sleep plays a pivotal role in...
Behavioral and Brain Functions December 26, 2018 Cinzia Schiappa, Serena Scarpelli, Aurora D'Atri et al.
Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, hypnagogic hallucinations, and sleep paralysis. This disease affects significantly the overall patient functioning, interfering with social, work, and affective life. Some symptoms of narcolepsy depend on emotional stimuli; for instance, cataplectic attacks can be triggered by emotional inputs such...