Journal of Affective Disorders
August 1, 2018
Somaye Arabzadeh, Elham Hakkikazazi, Nazila Shahmansouri et al.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) exerts a high health and financial burden on society. The conventional pharmacotherapies for MDD are partially effective and the response to medication often starts with some delay. There are recent reports of antidepressant effects for oral ketamine. We employed a double-blind controlled trial to examine the time course of the therapeutic effect of ketamine when...
The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology
August 1, 2018
Shabah Mohammad Shadli, Tame Kawe, Daniel Martin et al.
Ketamine is swiftly effective in a range of neurotic disorders that are resistant to conventional antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs. The neural basis for its therapeutic action is unknown. Here we report the effects of ketamine on the EEG of patients with treatment-resistant generalized anxiety and social anxiety disorders. Twelve patients with refractory DSM-IV generalized anxiety disorder...
Neuropsychopharmacology
August 2018
Jennifer W. Evans, Níall Lally, Li An et al.
The glutamatergic modulator ketamine has striking and rapid antidepressant effects in major depressive disorder (MDD), but its mechanism of action remains unknown. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) is the only non-invasive method able to directly measure glutamate levels in vivo; in particular, glutamate and glutamine metabolite concentrations are separable by 1H-MRS at 7T. This...
Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology
August 2018
Kathryn Cobb, Monika Nanda
Anesthetics, such as thiopental, methohexital, propofol and ketamine have been used to induce unconsciousness for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), each with its advantages and disadvantages. Only until recently was it discovered that ketamine may have inherent antidepressant effects. We reviewed the side effect profile of ketamine and examined the literature for whether or not ketamine augments...
Neuropsychopharmacology
August 2018
Jun-Ichi Yamaguchi, Hidetoh Toki, Youge Qu et al.
(R,S)-Ketamine has rapid and sustained antidepressant effects in depressed patients. Although the metabolism of (R,S)-ketamine to (2 R,6 R)-hydroxynorketamine (HNK), a metabolite of (R)-ketamine, has been reported to be essential for its antidepressant effects, recent evidence suggests otherwise. The present study investigated the role of the metabolism of (R)-ketamine to (2 R,6 R)-HNK in the...
Psychiatry Research
August 2018
Xiaoyin Ke, Yi Ding, Ke Xu et al.
The aim of this study was to examine the cognitive function in chronic ketamine users. Factors correlated to cognition impairments were analyzed. Sixty-three chronic ketamine users and 65 healthy subjects were recruited. Cognitive function was assessed by using immediate/delayed visual reproduction (IVR/DVR) tasks, immediate/delayed logical memory (ILM/DLM) tasks, Stroop test, Wisconsin card...
European Neuropsychopharmacology
August 2018
Lucie Bartova, Konstantinos Papageorgiou, Ivan Milenkovic et al.
Rapid anti-suicidal and antidepressant effects of ketamine have repeatedly been confirmed in unipolar and bipolar depression. Although meaningful antidepressant efficacy of ketamine has also been shown in depressed patients with a history of psychotic symptoms, its administration in psychotic disorders has largely been neglected due to its potential to exacerbate dissociative or psychotic...
Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology
August 1, 2018
Shaina Archer, Carson Chrenek, Jennifer Swainson
Abstract Background Previous studies have demonstrated ketamine to have a rapid antidepressant effect in some patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), but the effect is unfortunately not sustained in the long term. In this study, we report on the clinical use of ongoing maintenance ketamine infusions in a group of patients with TRD, beyond an acute course of 6 to 8 ketamine...
The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
July 23, 2018
Samuel T. Wilkinson, Rachel B. Katz, Mesut Toprak et al.
88 citations
OBJECTIVE: Ketamine has emerged as a rapid-acting antidepressant, though controversy remains whether sufficient data exist to justify its use outside of research protocols. In October 2014, the authors' institution began providing ketamine as an off-label therapy on a case-by-case basis for patients unable to participate in research protocols. Here, the participant experience during 29 months...
The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology
July 17, 2018
Kai Zhang, Min Ma, Chao Dong et al.
30 citations
Background: A recent study demonstrated that inflammatory bone markers play a role in the antidepressant functions of (R,S)-ketamine in treatment-resistant patients with depression. We examined the effect of inflammatory bone markers in the antidepressant functions of (R)-ketamine and (S)-ketamine in a chronic social defeat stress model. Methods: Behavioral tests for antidepressant actions were...