Journal of Affective Disorders
December 1, 2018
Mu-Hong Chen, Cheng-Ta Li, Wei-Chen Lin et al.
Clinical and animal studies have reported conflicting results regarding the effect of ketamine on cognitive function, although increasing evidence supports a rapid and sustained antidepressant effect of a subanesthetic dose of ketamine infusion for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, the cognitive function before and after ketamine infusion was rarely investigated in...
Journal of Affective Disorders
December 1, 2018
Elizabeth D. Ballard, Julia S Yarrington, Cristan A Farmer et al.
No pharmacological treatments exist for active suicidal ideation (SI), but the glutamatergic modulator ketamine elicits rapid changes in SI. We developed data-driven subgroups of SI trajectories after ketamine administration, then evaluated clinical, demographic, and neurobiological factors that might predict SI response to ketamine. Data were pooled from five clinical ketamine trials....
Journal of Affective Disorders
December 1, 2018
Mark Sinyor, Marissa Williams, Sue Belo et al.
Ketamine is known to rapidly reduce depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation (SI) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), but evidence is limited for its acceptability and effectiveness in "real-world" settings. This case series examines serial ketamine infusions in reducing SI and depression scores in adults with MDD admitted to a tertiary care hospital. Five inpatients with MDD and...
Neurotoxicology
December 2018
Roberta Monteiro Incrocci, Franciely Paliarin, Manoel Jorge Nobre
Ketamine (KET) is a non-competitive N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors antagonist that intensifies sensory experiences, prompts hallucinations and delusions, exacerbates previously installed psychosis and disrupts physiological evoked potentials (AEPs). Pharmacologically, KET stimulates glutamate efflux in the medial prefrontal cortex, mainly in the prelimbic (PrL) sub-region. Efferences...
Journal of chemical neuroanatomy
December 2018
Xiaochuan Pang, Zhenbo Su, Yanping Sun et al.
Clinical evidence demonstrates that prolonged exposure to ketamine may cause irreversible injury to immature human brains. In this study, we utilized an in vitro model to examine the function of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) SNHG16 in ketamine-induced neurotoxicity in human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived neurons. HESCs were induced toward neuronsin vitro, and treated with ketamine, at various...
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
December 2018
Samantha K Saland, Mohamed Kabbaj
Recent work from our group and others has revealed a higher sensitivity of female rodents to the antidepressant-like effects of the N-methyl d-aspartate receptor antagonist ketamine strongly influenced by circulating estrogen and progesterone levels. However, in the absence of any preclinical studies of pharmacokinetic sex differences using low-dose ketamine in rats, it is unclear whether the...
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
December 1, 2018
Yi-Han Liao, Ya-Hui Wang, Li-Han Sun et al.
Repeated, recreational ketamine (KE) or methamphetamine (MA) administration seldom produce neurotoxicity, while combining MA and KE administration have been thought to render changes in neural plasticity and motivational behavior. In this study, we sought to assess whether pre-exposure to multiple MA injections and withdrawal may affect low-dose KE-produced rewarding effects, social interaction...
Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology
December 2018
Sonia Vidal, Marianne Gex-Fabry, Victor Bancila et al.
Ketamine has been documented for its rapid antidepressant effects. However, optimal dose and delivery route have not yet been thoroughly investigated. The objectives of this study were to document the safety and test the antidepressant and antisuicidal effects of a single rapid 1-minute injection of ketamine 0.5 mg/kg in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Ten patients with TRD were included...
The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update
November 14, 2018
A placebo‐controlled study in which participants with treatment‐resistant depression received naltrexone prior to infusion of ketamine found that the opioid antagonist blocked ketamine's antidepressant effects but not the dissociation induced by ketamine. These findings suggest that the antidepressant effect of ketamine requires activation of the opioid system.
Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
November 2018
Michael Berk, Collen Loo, Christopher G. Davey et al.
There is an urgent need for rapidly acting antidepressants. Current therapies share a delayed onset of action, contrasting with drugs of abuse that have rapid psychotropic effects but cause tolerance and dependence. A key uncertainty is whether there is a finite speed limit imposed by the critical role of homeostatic adaptive mechanisms that underpin the efficacy and onset of available...