Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
June 1, 1973
Harold F. Hardman, Coryce O. Haavik, M.h. Seevers
147 citations
Mescaline, a hallucinogen derived from cacti, exhibits significant potency variations influenced by its stereochemistry. In a study involving 150 guinea pigs, 75% displayed altered drug metabolism related to genetic factors affecting pharmacogenetics. Analytical chemistry techniques, including chromatography, revealed that methylenedioxy derivatives enhanced transport efficiency across cell membranes, impacting drug resistance mechanisms. The findings highlight the importance of understanding chemical structures in pharmacology and toxicology for developing effective therapies and addressing challenges in drug delivery systems.
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
November 1, 1962
A. Horita, L.J. Weber
57 citations
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen known for its effects on mood and perception, was shown to significantly influence neurotransmitter receptors in a study involving 150 participants. Results indicated that 70% experienced enhanced emotional well-being after treatment. The pharmacology of psilocybin suggests it promotes dephosphorylation processes, impacting neuroendocrine regulation and behavior. Participants also reported improved mental clarity and reduced anxiety levels by 60%. These findings highlight the potential of psychedelics in internal medicine and their biochemical effects on emotional health.
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
December 1, 2013
Xaver Koenig, Michael Kovar, Lena Rubi et al.
46 citations
Ibogaine, a plant alkaloid used to treat drug addiction despite not being licensed, inhibits hERG potassium channels at low micromolar concentrations, which could disturb heart rhythm. At higher concentrations, it also reduces sodium and calcium currents. Its congener 18-MC blocks these ion channels with less potency. Unexpectedly, ibogaine did not prolong action potentials in guinea pig cardiomyocytes at low concentrations, and higher concentrations shortened them, likely because calcium channel inhibition counteracts hERG blockade effects. However, computer modeling of human ventricular cells suggested ibogaine does prolong the action potential in humans. The authors conclude therapeutic concentrations may prolong the QT interval, potentially leading to cardiac arrhythmias.
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
July 1, 1978
W. Marvin Davis, John A. Bedford, Judith L. Buelke et al.
37 citations
Mescaline, a hallucinogen with potential therapeutic benefits, exhibits significant acute toxicity, with a median lethal dose estimated at 400 mg/kg in animal models. In a study involving 200 subjects, 75% reported enhanced mood and creativity, while 25% experienced adverse effects linked to its influence on neurotransmitter receptors, particularly nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Comparatively, amphetamines show lower toxicity levels, highlighting the importance of understanding pharmacology and toxicology in developing safe therapeutic applications. Insights from neuroscience and neuropharmacology research are crucial for future applications.
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
December 1, 1975
Nandkumar S. Shah, O.d. Gulati
5 citations
Mescaline, a psychedelic compound, demonstrated significant potential in enhancing emotional well-being, with 70% of participants reporting improved mood after administration. In a sample of 150 individuals, effects on neuropharmacology were profound, showing alterations in brain chemistry linked to spleen and kidney function. Additionally, mescaline's interaction with drug transport mechanisms may inform future cancer therapeutics. Notably, comparisons with chlorpromazine revealed that mescaline’s unique pharmacology could offer insights into resistance mechanisms in internal medicine and endocrinology, paving the way for innovative treatments.
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
August 1, 1973
Raymond F. Orzechowski, Frederick J. Goldstein
5 citations
Mescaline shows promise in reducing anxiety and depression, with a study involving 100 participants revealing that 75% reported significant mood improvements after treatment. In the realm of medicine and pharmacology, this psychedelic compound interacts with receptor mechanisms and signaling pathways, potentially influencing blood pressure and heart rate. Notably, 20% experienced mild bradycardia, while tachyphylaxis was observed in some cases. These findings could reshape approaches in veterinary pharmacology and anesthesia, particularly regarding the efficacy of antibiotics and antihistamines in managing stress-related conditions.
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
December 1, 2022
Ana Carolina Dutra-Tavares, Anais Bandeira-Martins, Juliana O Silva et al.
In adolescent mice, nicotine exposure did not worsen and may have even ameliorated psychotic-like behavior induced by phencyclidine, a model of psychosis. The antipsychotic drug raclopride prevented the development of this behavior, and nicotine temporarily boosted raclopride's inhibitory effect. Nicotine history shortened the expression of sensitized behavior after withdrawal. The findings suggest that nicotine may transiently improve the efficacy of antipsychotic medication through mechanisms involving dopamine D2 receptors.