Abstract: Context: Chronic pain (CP) is a common and serious medical condition, with an estimated 100 million people affected in the United States. In the 1990s, opioids were increasingly prescribed to manage chronic pain, and this practice contributed to the opioid epidemic of the 21st century. To combat this epidemic, multidisciplinary approaches to chronic pain management are being...
Major depressive disorder negatively impacts the sensitivity and adaptability of the brain's predictive coding framework. The current electroencephalography study into the antidepressant properties of ketamine investigated the downstream effects of ketamine on predictive coding and short-term plasticity in thirty patients with depression using the auditory roving mismatch negativity (rMMN). The...
Background: The incidence rate of depression in youth demographic increases year by year. High-level psychological capital is conducive to relieving depression, and mindfulness training is an effective psychotherapy. We aimed to investigate the influences of mindfulness training on psychological capital, depression, and procrastination, thereby providing a direction for psychotherapy in the...
Background and purpose: Cyclosporine (Cyc) is a calcineurin inhibitor used in immunosuppressive therapy that may cause psychological problems such as depression. Previous investigations have shown the positive antidepressant effects of dextromethorphan (Dxt). Therefore, the aim of this study was the evaluation of the Dxt effect on Cyc-induced depression in an animal model of despair in two...
Depressive symptoms predominate in the course of bipolar disorder (BD) and there is an urgent need to evaluate novel application of repurposed compounds that act on pre-specified treatment targets. Several lines of reasoning suggest that nitrous oxide (N2O) is an ideal medication to study as a potential treatment and as a strategy to identify the underlying pathophysiology of bipolar...
Abstract Background Novel ketamine-based pharmacotherapies can reduce depressive symptoms among patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), but associated short-term symptoms and potential adverse events raise complex benefit-risk questions. Methods A web-based discrete-choice experiment was administered to 161 esketamine-treated TRD subjects participating in the SUSTAIN-2 and SUSTAIN-3...
Background Ketamine is a rapid-acting treatment for patients with treatment refractory depression (TRD), however treatment responses are often transient and ketamine’s antidepressant action lacks robust clinical durability. Little is known about which patient characteristics are associated with faster or more durable ketamine responses. Ketamine’s antidepressant mechanism is proposed to involve...
This post hoc analysis assessed the benefit-risk profile of esketamine nasal spray + oral antidepressant (AD) induction and maintenance treatment in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The Benefit-Risk Action Team framework was utilized to assess the benefit-risk profile using data from three induction studies and one maintenance study. Benefits were proportion of remitters or...
BACKGROUND: Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) having active suicidal ideation with intent require immediate treatment. METHODS: This double-blind study (ASPIRE II) randomized adults (aged 18-64 years) with MDD having active suicidal ideation with intent to esketamine 84 mg or placebo nasal spray twice weekly for 4 weeks, given with comprehensive standard of care (hospitalization ≥5...
Abstract Purpose To review the efficacy, safety, and place in therapy of intranasal esketamine, a treatment modality for treatment-resistant depression. Summary An electronic literature search of PubMed, MEDLINE, and the ClinicalTrials.gov and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) websites covering the period April 2015 through June 2020 was performed using the following search terms: esketamine,...