Reviews in the Neurosciences
February 26, 2024
Bárbara Dos Anjos Rosário, Jéssica Alves Lemes, Maria Paula De Lima et al.
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a debilitating disorder, characterized by fear and anxiety in social situations. Evidence suggests that the levels of SAD are rising, in particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic. Serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors and cognitive-behavioral therapy are effective treatments for SAD. Nevertheless, a significant number of patients do not respond well to...
Drugs
February 1, 2024
Michael A Norred, Zachary D Zuschlag, Mark B Hamner
11 citations
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating disorder inflicting high degrees of symptomatic and socioeconomic burdens. The development of PTSD results from a cascade of events with contributions from multiple processes and the underlying pathophysiology is complex, involving neurotransmitters, neurocircuitry, and neuroanatomical pathways. Presently, only two medications are US...
Psychological Medicine
2024
Simon Kapler, Laura Adery, Gil D Hoftman et al.
Cannabis use is consistently associated with both increased incidence of frank psychotic disorders and acute exacerbations of psychotic symptoms in healthy individuals and people with psychosis spectrum disorders. Although there is uncertainty around causality, cannabis use may be one of a few modifiable risk factors for conversion to psychotic disorders in individuals with Clinical High Risk...
Frontiers in Psychiatry
2024
David J Heal, Jane Gosden, Sharon L. Smith
Various countries and US States have legalized cannabis, and the use of the psychoactive1 and non-psychoactive cannabinoids is steadily increasing. In this review, we have collated evidence from published non-clinical and clinical sources to evaluate the abuse, dependence and associated safety risks of the individual cannabinoids present in cannabis. As context, we also evaluated various...
Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
October 5, 2023
Mostafa A. Elhendawy, Mohamed M. Radwan, E. Ibrahim et al.
Background: Cannabis sativa is a psychoactive plant indigenous to Central and South Asia, traditionally used both for recreational and religious purposes, in addition to folk medicine. Cannabis is a rich source of natural compounds, the most important of which are commonly known as cannabinoids that cause a variety of effects through interaction with the endocannabinoid system. Materials and...
Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
September 2023
Catherine F Moore, Julie A. Marusich, Mehdi Haghdoost et al.
Introduction: Cannabis contains a multitude of phytocannabinoids and terpenes in addition to its main psychoactive constituent, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (D9-THC). It is believed that the combination of minor cannabinoids and terpenes with D9-THC may impact the subjective and physiological effects of D9-THC. In this study, select minor cannabinoids (cannabigerol [CBG], cannabidivarin [CBDV],...
Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
September 2023
Bryan W. Jenkins, Catherine F Moore, Dan P Covey et al.
Background: Cannabis and its primary psychoactive constituent delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (D9-THC) produce biphasic, dose-dependent effects on anxiety. In addition to D9-THC, cannabis contains other "minor" cannabinoids and terpenes with purported therapeutic potential for the treatment of anxiety. Empirical data on potential therapeutic effects of these compounds is limited. The current study...
Addiction Biology
August 2023
Constanza Garcia-Keller, Madeline Hohmeister, Kailyn Seidling et al.
Drugs of abuse induce cell type-specific adaptations in D1- and D2-medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the nucleus accumbens core (NAcore) that can bias signalling towards D1-MSNs and enhance relapse vulnerability. Whether Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) use initiates similar neuroadaptations is unknown. D1- and D2-Cre transgenic rats were transfected with Cre-dependent reporters and trained to...
Journal of Cannabis Research
July 26, 2023
Lee Johnson, Marc Malone, Erik R. Paulson et al.
Background Hemp-derived delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (∆^9 THC) products are freely available for sale across much of the USA, but the federal legislation allowing their sale places only minimal requirements on companies. Products must contain no more than 0.3% ∆^9 THC by dry weight, but no limit is placed on overall dosage and there is no requirement that products are tested. However, some...
Journal of dual diagnosis
July 3, 2023
Benedikt Fischer, W. Hall, T. Fidalgo et al.
Abstract Objective: Cannabis use is increasingly normalized; psychosis is a major adverse health outcome. We reviewed evidence on cannabis use-related risk factors for psychosis outcomes at different stages toward recommendations for risk reduction by individuals involved in cannabis use. Methods: We searched primary databases for pertinent literature/data 2016 onward, principally relying on...