Mescaline-induced behavioral alterations are mediated by 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors in rats.
Lucie Olejníková-Ladislavová, Michaela Fujáková-Lipski, Klára Šíchová, Hynek Danda, Kateřina Syrová, Jiří Horáček, Tomáš Páleníček
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior December 1, 2024 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2024.173903 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Experimental study Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Population | Adult male Wistar rats |
| Interventions | Mescaline 5-HT2A antagonist 5-HT2C antagonist |
| Dose | 10, 20, and 100 mg/kg |
| Topics | Mescaline Serotonin |
| Keywords | Psychedelics hallucinogens Locomotor activity Sensorimotor gating Psychedelic compounds Psychoactive substances Neuroscience brain chemistry Neurotransmitters Neural mechanisms Serotonin receptors 5-ht2a |
| Citations | 5 |
| Key findings | Mescaline-induced hyperlocomotion and sensorimotor gating deficits in rats are primarily mediated by the 5-HT2A receptor subtype, with a lesser contribution from the 5-HT2C receptor. |
Abstract
Mescaline is a classical psychedelic compound with a phenylethylamine structure that primarily acts on serotonin 5-HT2A/C receptors, but also binds to 5-HT1A and 5-HT2B receptors. Despite being the first psychedelic ever isolated and synthesized, the precise role of different serotonin receptor subtypes in its behavioral pharmacology is not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate how selective antagonists of 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B, 5-HT2C, and 5-HT1A receptors affect the behavioral changes induced by subcutaneous administration of mescaline (at doses of 10, 20, and 100 mg/kg) in rats. We used adult male Wistar rats in all our experiments. We evaluated locomotor activity using the open field test, and assessed sensorimotor gating deficits by measuring prepulse inhibition (PPI) of acoustic startle reaction (ASR). While the highest dose of mescaline induced hyperlocomotion (p < 0.001), which almost all the other antagonists reversed (p < 0.05-0.001), the PPI deficits were selectively normalized by the 5-HT2A antagonist (p < 0.05-0.01). The 5-HT2C antagonist partially reversed the small PPI deficit induced by lower doses of mescaline (p = 0.0017). Our findings suggest that mescaline-induced changes in behavior are primarily mediated by the 5-HT2A receptor subtype, with less pronounced contributions from the 5-HT2C receptor. The other antagonists had limited effects.