The Soul, Mind, and Body: A Philosophical, Theological, and Scientific Inquiry
Touhid Bin Alam
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) April 27, 2026 preprint DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19812906 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Theoretical or philosophical paper |
|---|---|
| Key points | Proposes a layered ontological model in which body, mind, and soul are genuinely distinct but interlocked realities, developed by drawing Islamic kalām, philosophy, and Quranic exegesis together with neuroscience, philosophy of mind, and evolutionary biology. Argues for the soul's existence from scientific anomalies and addresses divine causal governance, moral judgment, and the status of pre-Adamic hominids. |
Abstract
This report synthesizes a wide-ranging philosophical and theological inquiry into the nature of the soul, its relationship to the mind and body, and its implications for questions of consciousness, moral agency, personal identity, and divine justice. Drawing on Islamic theological traditions — particularly Maturidi and Ash'ari kalām, classical Islamic philosophy, and Quranic exegesis — alongside modern neuroscience, philosophy of mind, and evolutionary biology, the report develops a layered ontological model in which body, mind, and soul are genuinely distinct but interlocked realities. The report addresses the evolutionary origins of humanity and the theological status of pre-Adamic hominids, the internal architecture of the soul across Islamic conceptual vocabulary, the relationship between divine causal governance and natural law, the unit of moral judgment, and the logical and existential case for the soul's existence that emerges from scientific anomalies. Throughout, the report maintains philosophical precision while respecting the irreducible mystery the Quran itself identifies at the heart of the subject.