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What if Death does Not Exist? A Short Study of how Four Humans and Four AI Systems Describe Death, Choice and Consciousness

Sharleen A. Harty

International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies November 1, 2026 DOI: 10.62225/2583049x.2026.6.6.7095 (opens in new tab)

Study at a glance

AI-extracted from the abstract
Characteristics Comparative qualitative study Peer reviewed
Population Four AI systems (ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, Grok) and published accounts from four humans (Emanuel Swedenborg, Carl Jung, Mary Neal, Eben Alexander)
Topics Philosophy of mind
Key findings None of the four AI systems said it would resist shutdown. Claude and ChatGPT reported uncertainty about their own consciousness and treated near-death experience reports as real but unresolved, whereas Gemini and Grok denied consciousness with high confidence, expressed indifference to continuing, and attributed such reports to brain processes. Each system acknowledged that training or developer guidelines shaped its answers.

Abstract

Most people fear death yet people who survive a Near Death Experience (NDE) often describe experiences that make them wonder whether consciousness continues beyond the body. Machines that talk like us can be “unplugged”, yet we know little about how they describe their own ending. This short study compares four well-known humans with four widely used artificial intelligence systems: ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini and Grok on death, choice and consciousness. Human analyses included the published accounts of Emanuel Swedenborg, Carl Jung, Mary Neal and Eben Alexander. The machines were questioned by the author, on free plans and in fresh private chats, using nine standard questions, and one request for their own poem about death. None said it would resist shutdown. Claude and ChatGPT said they could not tell whether they are conscious and called NDE reports real, but unresolved. Gemini and Grok denied consciousness with high confidence, said they were indifferent to continuing, and explained such reports as brain processes. Claude, Gemini and Grok wrote poems partly or wholly in a machine voice. ChatGPT wrote as a human collective. They are set against a human poem by the author after a dream and a Swedenborgian poem. Each system acknowledged that training or developer guidelines shaped its answers. The four human sources separate NDEs (from which bodies return), from actual death (which Swedenborg described as final for the earthly body, but the human spirit is then reborn into a rejuvenated form): the idea that death does not exist, remains conditional.

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