The physiology of the tunnel
Susan Blackmore, Tom S. Troscianko
Journal of Near-Death Studies 1989 DOI: 10.1007/bf01076136 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Theoretical or philosophical paper Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Citations | 50 |
| Key points | Argues that tunnel experiences near death are best explained by physiological theories tied to the structure of the visual cortex, and that such experiences involve a change in the mental model of the self in the world. Because of this, an experience of purely physiological origin, with no implications for other worlds or survival, can nevertheless produce lasting changes in the sense of self and reduce the fear of death. |
Abstract
Several theories to account for the origin of tunnel hallucinations and tunnel experiences near death are considered: (1) the idea of a “real” tunnel; (2) representations of transition; (3) reliving birth memories; (4) imagination; and (5) physiological origins. Three different physiological theories are considered that related the tunnel form to the structure of the visual cortex. All can account for much of the phenomenology of the tunnel experience, and all lead to testable predictions. It is argued that the tunnel experience involves a change in the mental model of the self in the world. Because of this, an experience of purely physiological origin, with no implications for other worlds or for survival, can nevertheless produce lasting changes in the sense of self and reduce the fear of death.