Magic and medicinal plants of the Ayoreos of the Chaco Boreal (Paraguay).
G Schmeda-Hirschmann
Journal of Ethnopharmacology June 1993 DOI: 10.1016/0378-8741(93)90025-z (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Ethnography Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Population | Ayoreo hunter-gatherer Amerindians of the central-northern Paraguayan Chaco |
| Key findings | The account reports that Ayoreo illness is attributed to supernatural causes, particularly breaking taboos, and that diagnosis and treatment involve invocations to plant and animal spirits plus a few medicinal plants. It presents fragments of the Asojna ritual, shaman initiation including that of the last living shaman, and identifies two Euphorbiaceae as ritual plants, described as reported for the first time. |
Abstract
The Ayoreo is a hunter-gatherer tribe of Amerindians which occupy the central-northern part of the Paraguayan Chaco. The whole Ayoreo culture cannot be disassociated from religious beliefs. Disease is considered of supernatural origin and as the result of breaking or disobeying the tabu which regulates existence. A description of the shamanic practices is given to understand better the position of health practices in the Ayoreo culture, particularly the use of medicinal and hallucinogenic plants. Fragments of the Asojna ritual and the methods for becoming shaman; the initiation of the last living shaman, as well as references to the magic powers of the shaman are presented. Diagnosis and treatment included invocations to plant and animal spirits and the use of a few medicinal plants. The plants used as medicine or invoked for healing are presented for the first time. Of particular interest is the identification of two Euphorbiaceae as ritual plants by the Ayoreo.