Memory and mood during MDMA intoxication, with and without memantine pretreatment.
E B De Sousa Fernandes Perna, E L Theunissen, K P C Kuypers, P Heckman, Rafael de la Torre, M Farré, J G Ramaekers
Neuropharmacology December 2014 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.03.008 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-subject experimental study Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 15 |
| Population | Healthy human subjects (not further specified) |
| Interventions | Memantine MDMA |
| Dose | Memantine 20 mg; MDMA 75 mg |
| Duration | Memantine or placebo pretreatment (T1) preceded MDMA or placebo (T2) by 120 minutes; memory assessed 90 minutes after T2 |
| Measures | Visual Verbal Learning Task, Prospective Memory Task, Sternberg Memory Task, Abstract Visual Pattern Learning Task, Profile of Mood State |
| Topics | MDMA |
| Keywords | Acute Cognition Memantine Mood |
| Key findings | MDMA (75 mg) significantly impaired performance on visual verbal learning and abstract visual pattern learning tasks and increased both positive mood (vigour, arousal, elation) and anxiety. Pretreatment with memantine (20 mg) did not prevent these memory impairments or alter the mood effects; memantine alone had no effect on memory or mood. |
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that single doses of MDMA can affect mood and impair memory in humans. The neuropharmacological mechanisms involved in MDMA-induced memory impairment are not clear. Memantine, an NMDA and alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptor antagonist, was able to reverse MDMA-induced memory impairment in rats. This study investigated whether treatment with memantine can prevent MDMA-induced memory impairment in humans. 15 subjects participated in a double-blind, placebo controlled, within-subject design. Subjects received both pre-treatment (placebo/memantine 20 mg) (T1) and treatment (placebo/MDMA 75 mg) (T2) on separate test days. T1 preceded T2 by 120 min. Memory function was assessed 90 min after T2 by means of a Visual Verbal Learning Task, a Prospective Memory Task, the Sternberg Memory Task and the Abstract Visual Pattern Learning Task. Profile of Mood State and psychomotor performance were also assessed to control whether MDMA and memantine interactions would selectively pertain to memory or transfer to other domains as well. MDMA significantly impaired performance in the visual verbal learning task and abstract visual pattern learning task. Pre-treatment with memantine did not prevent MDMA-induced memory impairment in these two tasks. Both positive (vigour, arousal, elation) and negative mood effects (anxiety) were increased by MDMA. The responses were not altered by pretreatment with memantine which had no effect on memory or mood when given alone. These preliminary results suggest that memantine does not reverse MDMA-induced memory impairment and mood in humans. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'CNS Stimulants'.
Comparable studies
Other randomized controlled trials on MDMA, most cited first.
Citations in the library
Cited by 19
- Safety pharmacology of acute MDMA administration in healthy subjects Journal of Psychopharmacology February 21, 2017
- Efficacy and safety of psychedelics for the treatment of mental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Research May 1, 2024
- Drug-drug interactions between psychiatric medications and MDMA or psilocybin: a systematic review Psychopharmacology March 7, 2022
- MDMA interactions with pharmaceuticals and drugs of abuse Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology March 31, 2020
- The acute effects of psychoactive drugs on emotional episodic memory encoding, consolidation, and retrieval: A comprehensive review. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews July 1, 2023
and 14 more in the library
Cites 19
- Memory impairment in abstinent MDMA ("Ecstasy") users Neurology December 1, 1998
- Mood and cognitive effects of ± 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ‘ecstasy’): week‐end ‘high’ followed by mid‐week low Addiction July 1, 1997
- A review of the acute subjective effects of MDMA/ecstasy Addiction March 24, 2006
- A review of acute effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in healthy volunteers Journal of Psychopharmacology March 1, 2006
- Effects of Acute MDMA Intoxication on Mood and Impulsivity: Role of the 5-HT2 and 5-HT1 Receptors PLoS One July 10, 2012
and 14 more in the library