Семиотика шаманской одежды саха из собрания Российского этнографического музея: этнокультурные влияния
Северо-Восточный гуманитарный вестник December 28, 2024 DOI: 10.25693/svgv.2024.49.4.017 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Theoretical or philosophical paper Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Population | Sakha shamanic costumes held in the Russian Ethnographic Museum, St. Petersburg |
| Key points | Argues that Sakha shamanic costumes, though individually unique, follow shared worldview canons and that shamanism is grounded in ancestor cults tied to earth, sky, sun, moon, and mother goddess cults. Semantic and etymological evidence is said to link Turkic-Mongol and Tungus-Manchu shamanism to an Altaic unity, with landscape shaping its semiotics. |
Abstract
Статья посвящена этнографическому описанию шаманских костюмов народа саха, хранящихся в Российском этнографическом музее (г. Санкт-Петербург). Исследование посвящено семиотическому освещению костюмов, каждый из которых обладал уникальной особенностью и индивидуальностью. Предлагается тезис о том, что шаманизм основывается на культе предков и связан с культами земли и неба, солнца и луны и т.д. Семантика и этимология терминов показывает, что у тюрко-монголов и тунгусо-маньчжуров шаманизм уходит в пласт алтайского единства. Исследование основано на цивилизационном подходе, корректно относящимся к духовному наследию этносов Восточной Сибири. The article is devoted to the ethnographic description of the shamanic costumes of the Sakha people, kept in the Russian Ethnographic Museum (St. Petersburg). The novelty of the study is the semiotic coverage of shamanic costumes, each of which had its own unique feature and individuality, but met all the canons of the Sakha worldview. Altai shamanism has long been influenced by the beliefs of the Tungus-Manchu ethnic groups. Therefore, the aim is set: to identify the features of Sakha shamanism based on the general appearance of the costumes and their details. For this purpose, the following tasks are solved: to substantiate the thesis that shamanism is based on the cult of ancestors and is associated with the cults of earth and sky, sun and moon, mother goddess, etc. The natural landscape influences the semiotics of shamanism, in which archaic symbols are hidden in later artifacts. Methods of synthesis and analysis, generalization of the achievements of ethnography, linguistics, folklore are proposed, which will allow us to form a general idea of the shamanism of the Sakha ethnic group. The semantics and etymology of the terms show that the Turkic-Mongols and Tungus-Manchus had similar features of shamanism, going back to the layer of Altai unity. The methodology is based on a civilizational approach, correctly relating to the spiritual heritage of the ethnic groups of Eastern Siberia.