The NADPH Oxidase NOX2 Controls Glutamate Release: A Novel Mechanism Involved in Psychosis-Like Ketamine Responses
Silvia Sorce, Stefania Schiavone, Paolo Tucci, Marilena Colaianna, Vincent Jaquet, Vincenzo Cuomo, Michel Dubois‐Dauphin, Luigia Trabace, Karl‐Heinz Krause
The Journal of Neuroscience August 25, 2010 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1491-10.2010 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Preclinical study Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Population | Wild-type and NOX2-deficient mice |
| Intervention | Ketamine |
| Dose | subanesthetic doses |
| Topics | Esketamine Ketamine |
| Key points | Acute ketamine-induced behavioral alterations, neurotransmitter release, and oxidative stress were absent in NOX2-deficient mice, and the reduction in NMDA receptor subunit 2A after repeated ketamine was also prevented. Responses to amphetamine were unchanged, indicating NOX2 specificity. |
Abstract
Subanesthetic doses of NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine induce schizophrenia-like symptoms in humans and behavioral changes in rodents. Subchronic administration of ketamine leads to loss of parvalbumin-positive interneurons through reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated by the NADPH oxidase NOX2. However, ketamine induces very rapid alterations, in both mice and humans. Thus, we have investigated the role of NOX2 in acute responses to subanesthetic doses of ketamine. In wild-type mice, ketamine caused rapid (30 min) behavioral alterations, release of neurotransmitters, and brain oxidative stress, whereas NOX2-deficient mice did not display such alterations. Decreased expression of the subunit 2A of the NMDA receptor after repetitive ketamine exposure was also precluded by NOX2 deficiency. However, neurotransmitter release and behavioral changes in response to amphetamine were not altered in NOX2-deficient mice. Our results suggest that NOX2 is a major source of ROS production in the prefrontal cortex controlling glutamate release and associated behavioral alterations after acute ketamine exposure. Prolonged NOX2-dependent glutamate release may lead to neuroadaptative downregulation of NMDA receptor subunits.