Hakikatin Farklı Yönelim Biçimleri: Apollon ve Dionysos Bağlamında Kendine Gelme ve Kendinden Geçmenin Ontolojik Zemini

Abstract

This study examines the concept of truth within philosophical and mystical traditions, aiming to explore its diverse modes of orientation. It argues that the relationship with truth is shaped through distinct epistemic and experiential modalities, emerging in human experience via the orientations of self-transcendence and self-return. These concepts serve as fundamental analytical categories that reveal the directional structure of truth at phenomenological and neurobiological levels. Self-transcendence denotes a mode in which reflexive control of the self is temporarily suspended, allowing intuitive engagement and immediate experience to predominate. Neurobiologically, this state is associated with limbic system activity, which regulates emotional intensity and holistic awareness. In contrast, self-return involves reorganizing dispersed experience through conceptual, linguistic, and normative frameworks, relying on prefrontal cortex executive functions such as attentional control, cognitive regulation and meaning-making. The study conceptualizes these two modes of orientation within the framework of the Apollonian–Dionysian, interpreting truth not as distinct contents but as two fundamental orientations that emerge from the dynamic interplay between limbic intensity and prefrontal regulation. Employing an interdisciplinary approach, the analysis integrates conceptual investigation with phenomenological description, positioning human neurobiology as the ontological basis of truth experience.