Phenomenology of Body Awareness in Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction (MBSR)

Abstract

Body awareness is considered to be an important element of mindfulness-based interventions. Although studies have been done on the effects of enhanced body awareness on health and well-being, none of these studies focused on the meaning of the body and body awareness in the teaching and learning process of enhancing one’s body awareness. In this paper, we provide a phenomenology of the body in the practice of a mindfulness-based intervention. We present a participant observation study about an eight-week mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training. We analyzed, by taking a hermeneutic-phenomenological approach, what enhancing one’s body awareness entails in this practice, and how participants experienced their bodies in this process. We identified four ways in which the body (not) appears in MBSR: as intermittently present, as fragmented, while ‘feeling good’, and while ‘not feeling good’. We discussed how these body appearances can be understood through the analytic lens of Leder’s disappearance and dys-appearance, and Zeiler’s eu-appearance, and with Van Manen’s phenomenological distinctions of the body. At the end of this paper, we considered how our findings may cast new light on one of the central tenets in mindfulness practice: to be non-judgmentally aware in the present moment.