The Fixation-Projection Framework: A Comparison with other Key Models of Consciousness

Abstract

This paper introduces the Fixation-Projection Framework (F-P), a conceptual framework that models the brain as a fixation–projection system. Fixations are defined as functional set points instantiated in biological tissue, from synaptic stabilizations to beliefs, while and projections are cast as the remapping and transmission of fixated content. Based on this, it is argued that the F-P framework serves as a parsimonious organizing principle, coherently contextualizing and relating other major theories of consciousness. Its goal is not to supplant these models, rather, it integrates them within a unified dialectic. For example, Global Neuronal Workspace, Integrated Information, Higher-Order Thought, Predictive Processing, and Attention Schema theories can all be seen as describing specific instantiations of the more general fixation-projection dynamic. The framework, however, additionally demonstrates its utility by offering explanations for phenomena that are often treated as outliers in these models, such as non-predictive resonant states (e.g., flow, aesthetic experience) and the functional role of dreams in unconscious self-revision. Furthermore, the framework generates a novel, six-stage model of projection withdrawal mechanistically grounded in neural decoupling and Default Mode Network activity as a proposed pathway to self-knowledge and autopraxis (self-guided transformation). By synthesizing these elements, F-P offers a unified, biologically-grounded dialectic for analyzing consciousness across scales, from molecular processes to complex human experience, and provides a foundation for novel, testable predictions.